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China Roses
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Although the name of this group refers to the area of the world in which they were discovered it could be said to be appropriate for they are quite fragile specimens in terms of hardiness at least and many will require protection in colder areas. It is thought that examples of them existed in China as early as the 10th Century, possibly even before. Later on they were used greatly in breeding programmes and are responsible for the long flowering season of many of today’s modern roses.

China roses come in a wide range of colours and many of them are very strongly scented.They can be used in bedding schemes or as specimen plants in the garden and are very good in tubs when they can easily be moved to a sheltered position in the winter.

‘Archduke Charles’ (‘Archiduc Charles’) A free flowering bushy variety with a little more than single blooms of claret pink with paler reverses to the petals. Flowers tend to deepen with age.This rose has an awkward growth habit being rather angular in it’s branch habit. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ LAFFAY France c. 1825.

‘Arethusa’ Ragged petals create rather muddled flowers are soft yellow with heavy orange and pink overlay. They are borne in clusters continuously throughout the summer . The plant itself is a little ungainly and sparsely clothed in glossy leaves. A useful member of this group.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ W.PAUL UK 1903

‘Beauty of Rosemawr’ The growth style of this rose is un-refined, dense, twiggy and upright. Double flowers are blowsy, carmine with heavy veining and sometimes paler edges to the petals. As with so many of the Chinas the foliage is a little sparse. Continuous flowering over a long period.
1.2 x 0.6m 4 x 2' VAN FLEET USA 1904.

‘Bloomfield Abundance’ (Spray Cécile Brunner) Hybrid Tea like blooms although considerably smaller and borne in clusters. They are extremely similar to ‘Cécile Brunner’ but the plant’s growth is considerably different being broader and taller. Flowers appear in profusion continuously on a vigorous plant. There is controversy over the name of this cultivar, it is consistently called ‘Spray Cécile Brunner’ in America but this name is not adopted in the UK. Unusually for a China, a good hedging plant.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' THOMAS USA 1920

‘Brennus’ Not the most typical China, likely to have Gallica in it’s parentage. Double, cupped flowers of reddish carmine, on a well foliated plant. Repeat flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ LAFFAY France 1830.

‘Camellia Rose’ Rather ragged camellia like blooms of blush pink, sometimes with flecks of a deeper shade are borne in clusters. A vigorous rose with plentiful, darkish-green glossy foliage. Continuous flowering.
4 x 3' Tb. P. (C) 1830

‘Cécile Brünner’ (‘Maltese Rose’). A very free flowering little rose with delicate soft shell pink small blooms of H.T. shape in clusters. Can be a little temperamental and perhaps rather sruffy in growth but none the less charming. An excellent choice for a button hole. Continuous flowering over a long period.
1.2 x 0.6m 4 x 2’ PERNET-DUCHER France 1881

‘Cécile Brünner White’ A beautiful white form of ‘Cécile Brunner’ with all its parents’ characteristics except colour.
1.2 x 0.6m 4 x 2’ FAUQUE France 1909

‘Comtesse du Cayla’ A semi-double, fragrant blooms of vivid orange-pink with occasional red highlights. Angular and a little awkward in growth but this is compensated for by a very free flowering habit.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' GUILLOT France 1902

‘Cramoisi Supérieur’ (‘Agrippina’) In growth this is a tidy rose for a China. Cupped flowers in large clusters are semi-double of bright, crimson-red with occasional white flecks. Very free flowering for a long period.Young leaves are tinted red otherwise the foliage is a glossy mid green. Slightly scented. A good candidate for a pot.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ COQUEREAU France 1832

‘Duke of York’ A variable mixture of rose pink and white isthe colouring of the double almost blooms. Free flowering and continuous. Bushy, branching habit, foliage dark, shiny and very healthy.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 4' W.PAUL UK 1894



Fabvier‘Fabvier’ Double, bright crimson with occasional white flecks Healthy and free flowering. Produces lots of flowers over a long period making it a good candidate for mass bedding. Well foliated with glossy purple tinted leaves, tidy and healthy.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ LAFFAY France 1832

‘Fellemberg’ (‘La Belle Marseillaise’) Cupped, double flowers of bright pink to crimson are borne in clusters on a vigorous plant. Has a desirable tumbling habit if given freedom. A useful pillar rose if given support. Sometimes seen listed as a Noisette.
2 x 1.2m 7 x 4’ FELLEMBERG Germany 1857

‘Grüss an Teplitz’ This rose has strong China characteristics and is probably best described as a Hybrid China. Crimson flowers become deeper with age, borne in clusters. Foliage is a light green but sadly has a tendancy to mildew if good husbandry is not provided. Strong scented. Continuous flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' GESCHWIND Hungary 1897

‘Hermosa’(‘Armosa’, ‘Mélanie Lemaire’, Mme Neumann’) A rose for the smaller garden, delicate pale pink cupped blooms. Ought to be grouped in three's for best effect.
3 x 2' Tb. P (R) 1840

‘Le Vésuve’ Shapely buds opening loose and blowsy, sometimes in a quartered style, silvery-pink with deeper shadings. Good under glass. Very free flowering over a lengthy period.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' LAFFAY France 1825

‘L'Ouche’ (China) Cupped and fully double blooms of flesh pink with occasional yellow overtones emerge from pointed buds, continuously throughout the summer. A bushy plant of upright habit with dark foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BUATOIS France 1901

‘Louis Philippe’ Medium sized blooms are deep pink through crimson and almost purple in places,occaisional white flecks especially at the petal edges. Bushy habit.
2 x 2' Tb. (R) GUÉRIN France 1834

‘Louis XIV’ Fully double, cupped flowers of very dark red almost black with burn and become crisp if the sun is too strong. A good fragrance. Likes to be molly coddled. Foliage a little sparse and growth is sometimes awkward and angular. Even with these little faults this rose is one of the most popular Chinas, probably because of it’s deep red colouring. 859.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' GUILLOT FILS France 1859

‘Mme. Laurette Messimy’ An excellent brightly coloured China. Many semi-double flowers are bright salmon tinged pink and suffused yellow at their base. Bushy and upright with glossy grey green foliage. Continuous flowering.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' GUILLOT France 1887

Mutabilis (‘Tipo Ideale’, Rosa turkestancica). Without doubt my favourite China! It is also very unusual and individual. The five petals of the flowers are almost wing like and a little floppy in their presentation. To begin with their colouring is of a honey to apricot but they soon assume deeper orange shades and by the time they are fully mature are a deep almost bronzy red. Appearing without fail over a long period and when coupled with dark leaves and young plum shoots the overall effect is stunning. Can reach 6', but more likely to remain dwarf. This is a handsome shrub in many ways, excellent if selected to be grown in a tub.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' Probably older than 1932 as it is usually dated



Old Blush‘Old Blush’ (‘Parsons Pink’, ‘Monthly Rose’). An historic rose. Silvery-pink flowers with a deeper flush are regular throughout the season. Upright in growth and relatively thorn free. Tougher than most of it’s group, it is tolerant of less than adequate soils and will cope with dapple shade, can be used successfully as a climber if supported.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4, Probably cultivated in China before 10th century. Introduced to Europe about 1789

‘Papillon’ Largely pink with white and copper tones are the predominant shades of the double flowers. No doubt named such because of the wing like formation of the petals. Should be better known. Continuous flowering with dark foliage that when young is copper tinged.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ Breeder unknown but probably introduced in France c.1900

‘Perle d'Or’ (‘Yellow Cécile Brunner’) Although not bred from or a sport of this rose is very similar to ‘Cécile Brunner’ in terms of flower shape at least. Clusters of buff-yellow flowers with pink shadings are small, shapely, fully double and perfumed. Growth is vigorous and well in rich green foliage. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.6m 4 x 2' DUBREUIL France 1884

‘Queen Mab’ Blooms are an unusual shade, a pleasing mixture of orange and apricot shades with pink tones, the reverse of the petals being softer and flushed with lilac. A compact plant that is free flowering and bushy with dark foliage. Flowers produced continuously over a lengthy period.
1.2 x 0.9m 2 x 2' W.PAUL UK 1896

‘Sanguinea’ (‘Miss Lowes’ Rose’) A bright red deepening with age to crimson, single flowered cultivar. Flowers appear repeatedly throughout the summer. A seedling of ‘Slater’s Crimson China’ and as such important in the ranks of the China’s. Twiggy angular growth. Happy if grown in a pot.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 3’ Probably originated in China, discovered in 1887

‘Slater’s Crimson China’ (‘Old Crimson China’ ‘Semperflorens’).An old rose. Bright red to crimson semi-double flowers are occasionally streaked with white.An upright, bushy plant that will behave like a small climber if planted against a wall. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' Found in China and introduced to the UK by SLATER 1792

‘Triomphe de Laffay’ Large, white, flushed pink flowers on a plant of stocky growth. Leaves are smallis for a China and deep green in colour. Flowers freely and continuously. Happy if grown in a tub but best without shade.
0.9 x 0.9m. 3 x 3' LAFFAY France c.1930

‘Viridiflora’ ( ‘The Green Rose’) This rose is really a novelty or collector's cultivar. It bears bracts rather than flowers of a nondescript green that are tinted brown, more in the fashion of a scabious than a rose. Highly unusual and ideal for a florist looking for something a little different. Healthy and will cope with poor soil and shade.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' Origin unknown but circa 1833
 

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Damask Roses
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The Damask roses are closely linked to the Gallicas and are a very old group of roses indeed. They were especially prized in the middle East (and still are) where they are the source of attar of rose, the oil that is the foundation of rose perfume and other cosmetics. It is not certain when they first arrived in Europe but it is clear that they existed here in the Roman Era. In a range of pastel colours they have some of the strongest and most expensive scents. With only a couple of exceptions they flower only once and have a robust disposition. They are probably best placed in the mixed shrubbery or summer flowering border.

‘Belle Amour’ Salmon to blush pink flowers with almost wavy petals that frame bright stamens at their centre. It is thought to be related to the Albas but it’s growth habit is most fitting to this group. Tolerates poor soil well.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ Discovered by Nancy LINDSAY in 1950

‘Blush Damask’ A sweet, very pretty little rose of pale pink with deeper centres. Highly scented. Although growth well packed it can be described as sprawling in habit. Could make a hedge where one of more natural style is desired. Tolerant of most soils.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Likely to be very old



Botzaris‘Botzaris’ Fully double, quartered and flat flowers of creamy white. Sweet damask scent. Ample light foliage. Once again this variety bears relation to the Albas.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Raiser UNKNOWN 1856

‘Celsiana’ Clusters of semi-double, slightly untidy, rose pink flowers with a very heady perfume. Attractive grey green foliage. This old rose has a fairly tidy habit making it easier to contain in the garden than some Damasks.Tolerates poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Pre 1750

‘Gloire de Guilan’ Very double, flat flowers arranged in quarters quarters are clear pink and very fragrant. Flowers earlier than many of this bunch. Can be lax in growth thus benefits from support. Thorny growth well clothed in ample light green leaves.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' An old rose reintroduced in 1949

‘Ispahan’ This rose produces its bloom over a long season when compared to others of its group. Semi-double, bright pink, unfading flowers. Extremely fragrant. Handsome foliage and not over densely populated with thorns. Would make a good hedge and will cope in soil that is lacking.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Pre 1832

‘Kazanlik’ (‘Trigintipetala’). A vigorous rose with soft textured petals of warm pink achievinga slightly ragged bloom. Very highly scented. Ideal for pot pourri. Still used today for the properties of it’s rose oil. Best if given support.Tolerates shade and inferior soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Date unknown Very ancient

‘La Ville de Bruxelles’ Large, full, pure pink blooms with quartering and infurling centres on a strong, healthy, upright plant. Scented. Useful in a mixed shrubbery or for specimen planting.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' VIBERT France 1849



Leda‘Léda’ (‘Painted Damask’) Blush pink to white, double flowers with interesting crimson markings on the edges of the petals, almost as though they had been titivated with a brush. A tidy, compact plant with mid green, soft to touch foliage. Tidy enough to be accommodated in a pot.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' Early 19th century

‘Mme. Hardy’ One of the outstanding and best known of the old garden roses. Blooms are well shaped, being very double with infurled petals at their centres around a green eye.Almost almost pure white. Growth strong with bright green leaves, very bright and fresh when young. Very fragrant. Tolerant of all but the very poorest of soil.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5' HARDY France 1832

‘Marie Louise’ Glowing pink, double flowers with a strong perfume. A compact, bushy variety with good foliage and to it’s merit, not a huge quantity of thorns. Quite accommodating in that it will cope in less than adequate soil.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Raiser not known. c.1813

‘Omar Khayyam’ Propagated from a plant on Edward Fitzgerald's grave in Suffolk, having been planted there in 1893 from seeds gathered from a plant at Omar Khayyam's tomb in Nashipur. Quite wonderful when appreciating that time trail. The medium-sized, light pink blooms are quartered fully double and highly prized for their perfume. Foliage is grey and downy to touch.
3 x 3' Tb. (S)

‘Quatre Saisons’ (‘Rosa damascena bifera’, ‘Autumn Damask’). Thought to be a hybrid between Rosa gallica and Rosa moschata. This is a very old rose with full, double, cupped and quartered flowers of clear silvery-pink. It is most useful for its repeat flowering in the late summer. It is also highly scented. One of the oldest roses but still very relevant in today’s gardens. Tolerates poor soil and useful as a hedge.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Extremely ancient

‘St. Nicholas’ Semi-double blooms of rose pink and prominent anthers. A charmer when caught in early evening sunlight when somehow the blooms have an extra radiance. Sweetly scented and although regarded by some as a bit of a curio I rather like it. Will produce hips after the flowers. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' JAMES UK 1950

‘York and Lancaster’ (Rosa damascena versicolor) An unusual rose. Blush white flowers, striped or mottled with pink but in varying degrees, whilst some blooms are almost half white to one side and pink to the other there are also those in just one colour or only lightly marked by the second.. Needs a little molly coddling to do really well. Probably more of a collector's piece than of real garden merit. Repeat flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Pre.1551
 

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English Roses
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Basically these are modern roses in the old style. David Austin and his team have over the years very cleverly crossed modern hybrids with old fashioned roses to get the best of both. David himself says (I quote) ‘I chose the name ‘English Roses’ because I felt that, of all countries, England has always had a special affinity with the rose’ A beautiful reason for a thought evoking name but do not forget that there are many other similar roses in other groups and that whilst they share similarities in habit they are not directly ascended from a particular union.

By and large all the English Roses are highly perfumed and free flowering over a long period. In habit, whilst the majority are shrub roses some are broad and arching in habit with a minority being stockier and tidier. It is therefore wise to prune them well and to dead head regularly in order to perpetuate their flowering. By and large all Austin’s roses are highly perfumed, good for cutting and therefore make excellent garden roses.



Abraham Darby‘Abraham Darby’ (Auscot) The very full apricot blooms of this beautiful cultivar are often tinged with copper. They have a strong fruity fragrance and grace the garden all summer long, often into the autumn months. Growth is arching and thorny and clothed in dark green foliage. Will tolerate poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ AUSTIN UK 1985

‘Brother Cadfael’ (Ausglobe) The huge, cupped blooms of this beautiful rose are strong to mid pink and as one would expect evade a splendid perfume. Leaves are fairly large, mid green on upright compact growth. Continuous flowering.
1.1 0.9m 3’6” x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1990

‘Chianti’ Unusual within this group as being one of the few Austin roses to only flower once but I include it here as it is largely responsible for the red colouring found in some of his other hybrid’s. Beautiful, deep claret red blooms emit a wonderful perfume. They are borne in clusters of three or more amid average foliage. Can be a martyr to black spot.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ AUSTIN UK 1967

‘Constance Spry’ Not technically an English rose but included here as one of Austin’s earlier creations and a very famous rose, it is more technically a climber, one that given the freedom of a wall will cover it vigorously. Huge cupped blooms are mid to silver pink and heavily fragrant. Beautiful en-masse, as with ‘Chianti’ above just once flowering.
6 x 3m 20 x 10’ AUSTIN UK 1960

‘Country Living’ (Auscountry) Blush pink flowers change to near white as they mature. Fully double, rosette like,partly cupped in style and delicously scented. Twiggy growth is amply shrouded by smaller than average leaves of mid green. Continuous flowering and tidy enough to be grown in a pot.
1,2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1991

‘English Garden’ (Ausbuff) Large flowers open flat and rosette like, packed with many crinkled petals. Eggy yello at their centre they fad to very soft yellow at the edge. Wonderful old rose scent. Growth is dense and upright, foliage mid green. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1987

‘Gertrude Jekyll’ (Ausbord) Large full flowers are rich pink, at times and especially in shade slightly darker. They are fruitily fragrant. Growth is upright and bushy with greyish green leaves. Flowers well into the autumn months.



Glamis Castle‘Glamis Castle’ (Auslevel) Old style, pure white flowers are cupped, full and fragrant. Very free flowering, short and bushy. Foliage mid-green. Very free flowering over a long season.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' AUSTIN UK 1992

‘Graham Thomas’ (Ausmas) Must surely be described as the best amongst Austin’s hybrids. Fully double flowers are cupped, highly fragrant and unfading pure canary yellow, with slightly deeper tinges to the centre. Produces blooms well into the autumn and useful for cut bloom. A bushy plant suitable for many garden situations, even for growing in a pot. Foliage good, mid green and ample.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1983

‘Heritage’ (Ausblush) Soft to blush pink blooms are cupped in shape with many petals, the outer ones almost white. Foliage is fresh mid green, semi-glossy on bushy growth. Flowers over a long period.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ AUSTIN UK 1984

‘Mary Rose’ (Ausmary)Flowers are fully double, mid to rich pink and strongly perfumed. Growth is dense and bushy and relatively vigorous. Unusually for an English Rose the perfume is not outstanding. With a long season and good foliage this is a very merit worthy cultivar.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1983

‘Perdita’ (Ausperd) From pointed buds full, quartered blooms appear.The colour is best described as soft apricot buff to blush pink, very pretty. Foliage is dark on a bushy dense plant. Flowers continuously over a long period. Happy to be grown in a pot and useful as a hedge.
1.1 x 0.75m 3 ‘6” x 2’ 6” AUSTIN UK 1983



William Shakespeare‘Redouté’ (Auspale) A sport of ‘Mary Rose’ Very soft blush pink, paler at the edges, highly fragranced and quite beautiful. Foliage is mid to light green amply covering a bushy plant.
1.2 x 1.2m 4x 4’ AUSTIN UK 1992

‘Sir Walter Raleigh’ (Ausspry) Clear bright pink petals with paler reverse make up the large fully double blooms of this beautiful cultivar. Repeats intermittently over a long season. Very prickly with large mid green foliage and bushy growth.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ AUSTIN UK 1985

‘Symphony’ (Auslett) Such a lovely name for a rose. Flowers are rosette in shape, soft yellow and scented. They are produced in clusters of usually around five or six blooms amid large glossy leaves. Flowers over a long period. A useful rose.
1.1 x 0.9m 3’6” x 3’ AUSTIN UK 1986

‘William Shakespeare’ (Ausroyal) Rich crimson, royal vevet coloured blooms are strongly scented. Growth is bushy, clothed in dark green foliage. David Austin withdrew this rose and substituted it with another named ‘William Shakespeare 2000’ due to reports of susceptibility to rust and black spot, I suspect that it showed this traits on young plants for once it is established it seems happy enough.,br> 1.3 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ AUSTIN UK 198
 

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Gallicas
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This group of roses has had considerable influence in the creation of today’s more modern cultivars. Although generally only once flowering there are some incredibly beautiful roses amonget them, they are also important historiacally. The Persians used a Gallica in a religious emblem at least 1200 years BC. It is believed that many of them arrived in Europe on the ships of the Crusaders of the12th and 13th centuries,. Rosa gallica officinallis was one of the roses used by apothecaries in the middle ages and is also the Red Rose of Lancaster, the adopted symbol of the House of Henry 1V and it’s sport, Rosa mundi is reputedly named after the Mistress of Henry 11. The Empress Josephine collected many Gallicas as part of her famous collection in the gardens of Malmaison.



Agatha‘Agatha’ (Rosa x francofurtana) This very beautiful rose is highly scented, mid to pale pink with a deeper centre. When fully open the irregular tissue textured petals form a loose crumpled but never the less quartered effect . More vigorous and perfumed than its close relative ‘Empress Josephine’. Arching, relatively thorn free growth. Summer flowering and tolerant of shade and poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2 5 x 4' Origin unknown

‘Agathe Incarnata’ Medium sized, fully double flowers with a tissue paper texture to the petals, in clusters, soft pink, highly scented. Foliage greyish-green. Tidy growth habit.Summer flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' Origin unclear but circa 1800

‘Alain Blanchard’ Large flowers of semi-single form in clusters weighty enough to cause branches to bend and arch. Crimson in colour often smudged purple with a central coronet of bright amber stamens. Dark foliage is a perfect foil to the blooms. Tolerates difficult places even those that are shaded.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' VIBERT France 1839

‘Anais Ségalas’ A shorter member of the Gallicas. Branching and dense with good small foliage.Flowers are well formed, nearly always perfect, double pinkish-crimson and highly scented. A good choice of Gallica for a pot.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' VIBERT France 1837

‘Antonia d'Ormois’ Fully double, cupped flowers of soft blush pink paling with age to almost white especially at the petal edges. Slightly later flowering than most other Gallicas. Scented.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' FRANCE (From the Roseraie de l’hay collection) PRE 1848

‘Assemblage des Beautés’ Double bright crimson flowers deepen with age to near purple. They are freely borne on a compact plant with rich dark green foliage and relatively few thorns. A good variety.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' FRANCE c.1823

‘Belle de Crécy’ A free flowering nearly thornless bush with grey green leaves. Beautiful bright pink and mauve flowers, fading with age to dull purple, have a green central eye with a distinctive scent. Quite beautiful.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ HARDY France 1829



Anais Ségalas‘Belle Isis’ Fully double, flat blooms are a lovely delicate shade of pink, borne on a small to medium bush. Nicely scented. Growth is upright and tidy with ample grey-green foliage
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' PARMENTIER Belgium 1845

‘Boule de Nanteuil’ A charming rose. Fully double deep pink to cerise flowers with silver overtones. Very fragrant. Upright growth clothed in dark foliage. Tolerant of shade and poor soil.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' ROESER France 1834

‘Camaieux’ A conversation starter and a beautiful distinctive rose. Striking, pale pink double blooms are striped with purplish-crimson. These are borne on arching stems although the plant remains bushy, amid grey-green foliage. Very fragrant. Summer flowering but a useful candidate for a pot.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' VIBERT France 1830

‘Cardinal de Richelieu’ Rich, velvety, deep purple flowers with in furled petals at the centre borne on a compact bush with healthy dark green foliage. Scented and a good candidate for a pot. I would also suggest that this is one of the better Gallicas to choose for a hedge.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LAFFAY France c.1840



Charles de Mills‘Charles de Mills’ A beautiful rose with unique colouring, combining a mixture of purples and deep reds. Very double blooms with the petals swirling around a sometimes visible central green eye. Interesting mid-green foliage. An excellent cultivar.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' UNCERTAIN ORIGIN.

‘Complicata’ An exceptional shrub that behaves well on light sandy soils. Very vigorous, with long arching branches along which appear single flowers of bright pink with softer pink at their centres and gold stamens.A fantastic sight when in full flush in mid June. Plentiful, matt green foliage. Effective as a pillar or climbing rose, when used in the shrubbery it needs plenty of space to fill.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6' Origin unknown

‘Conditorum’ (‘The Hungarian Rose’) One of the oldest Gallicas, this is a very useful rose, albeit once flowering. Open flowers of rich, ruby-red with bright stamens are borne abundantly in clusters of usually three or more on a tidy, well foliated plant.
1.2 X 0.9m 4 x 3' FRANCE

‘Cosimo Ridolfi’ Flowers cupped at first, opening flat and fully double. Shadowy lilac pink in colour and delightfully scented. Foliage grey-green on a compact tidy plant. Not very widely grown but should be for this rose has much to commend it.
0.9 X 0.9m 3 x 3' VIBERT France 1842

‘Cramoisi Picoté’ Deep crimson very double flowers, mottled with purple are small and pompon like. Upright but compact growth is very well dressed with small dark foliage and very few thorns. Summer flowerin but tidy enough to make a useful pot grown specimen.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' VIBERT France 1834



Duc de Guiche‘D'Aguesseau’ A compact, yet upright and bushy, well foliated rose of bright crimson with deeper shadings. Fully double and quartered with a central green eye.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1823

‘De la Mâitre d'Ecole’ Fully double flowers of an unusual mixture of lilac, pink and grey opening flat and quartered.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' MIELLEZ France 1840

‘Duc de Guiche’ An outstanding Gallica. Highly scented, large,double flowers with swirling petals of rich raspberry pink to crimson around a central green button eye. Growth is arching but agreeably so with rich green foliage. Summer flowering and capable of growing in shade and in poor soils.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ PREVOST 1835

‘Duchesse d'Angoulême’ Quite outstandingly beautiful delicate blush pink, double, scented flowers freely produced rather early in the summer. Foliage of lush bright green. A very useful shorter yet vigorous variety A nice rose to cut and bring inside.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1835

‘Duchesse de Montebello’ This is a lovely member of the Gallica group. The fragrant, fully double almost quartered flowers are a soft, powdery pink, produced on a tidy, upright plant with good dark green foliage. Tolerates shade where it’s colour is often richer.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LAFFAY France 1829

‘Empress Josephine’ Large, blowsy, semi-double, deep pink flowers heavily veined in shades of lighter pink and mauve. Scented, with ample foliage and relatively few thorns. Although it is inclined to be somewhat sprawly it is never the less a very good healthy rose. Summer flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 4 x 3' Early 19th century



Henry Fouquier‘Georges Vibert’ Various colours are present in the stripes of this rose from deep pinks and carmine to purple, fully double and scented. Not the most floriferous but it is a a tidy compact rose suitable for the small garden or pot. Dark foliage. Summer flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' ROBERT France 1853

‘Gloire de France’ Very double, medium sized, pale to mid pink flowers, with creased inner petals fade in strong sun and as they mature. They are produced in great profusion. A low-growing slightly spreading variety with dark foliage. A real charmer.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4' PRE 1819

‘Henri Fouquier’ Double pure pink with many petals, outer petals reflexing while those at the centre crowd round a neat green eye. Almost free of thorns. Ideal for the smaller garden although it can be sprawly in nature. Scented.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' Early 19th century

‘Hippolyte’ A beautiful Gallica. Flowers exquisitely formed, magenta purple, with soft highlights in the centre and tinges of dusky pink. Clusters of blooms are borne on long stems often arching downwards infuriatingly but and I quote my father “well worth the effort of standing on one's head to view the plant.” Foliage dark and healthy.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' Raiser unknown Early 19th century

Ipsilanté A lovely, pale lilac-pink. This rose deserves more attention, it almost embodies all that is old roses. The fully double flowers are large, quartered and scented, borne in small clusters or sometimes singly. Rich dark foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1821



James Mason‘James Mason’ A beautiful Gallica seedling with large flowers of rich bright crimson and a pronounced coronet of golden anthers. Almost a red form of “Nevada”. Scented with profuse flowering in mid June, a real sight to see. Good foliage. A good hedging rose. One of my favourites of my father’s breeding and named for the esteemed late English actor, himself and his wife both very keen rose lovers.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' BEALES UK 1982

‘La Belle Sultane’ (‘Rosa Gallica Violacea’). Deep crimson with hints of violet purple, semi-single blooms on a tall upright bush. At the centre of each flower is a magnificent circle of golden stamens. Foliage can be somewhat sparse, growth upright.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Unknown date and origin but of considerable antiquity PRE Redoute

‘Marcel Bourgouin’ Rich, deep red and purple. sometimes with violet mottlings. Velvety petals surrounding bright yellow stamens. Growth upright and foliage small. Fragrant.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' CORBOEUF-MARSAULT France 1899

‘Nanette’ Bright crimson flowers are streaked and smudged with purple and open flat to reveal a green eye. A short bushy cultivar with almost thornless stems and dark foliage. Ideal for growing in a pot or for the smaller garden.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3'. Date and origin unknown

‘Nestor’ A refined old rose. The overall colour is magenta but varying with weather and soils, from deeper pink to mauve. Fully double sometimes rather cluttered blooms. Crisp, light green foliage. Relatively thornless.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Raiser unknown.c.1846



Nanette‘Oeillet Flamand’ Vigorous plant producing abundant striped and smudged double blooms of white and pink. Upright strong growth dark somewhat coarse leaves. Copes with poor soils.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1845.

‘Ohl’ A medium, upright growing plant with dark green foliage and strong stems with few thorns Well scented, fully double flowers of deep crimson petering out to violet at the edge.
1.2 X 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1830

‘Orpheline de Juillet’ Flowers large, double, crimson-purple with red at the petal’s base, ageing to violet grey.Growth is erect and of average vigour with greyish green leaves.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Of unknown origin but likely to be French and pre 1837

‘Pompon de Panachée’ A small growing, twiggy plant that is upright habit bearing not over large reflexed cushion like, shapely, fully double flowers. In colour they are white to off white with stripes in varying shades of pink to greyish lilac. Leaves are paler than most.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' ROBERT AND MOREAU France 1835

‘Président de Sèze’ (‘Mme.Hébert’). An unusual mixture of pink, magenta and lilac, paler towards the edge is the colouring of the fully double. Well shaped and scented. Perhaps more thorny than many of its group with greyish green leaves (Synonymous with Jenny Duval). Could be grown in a pot with success.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' HEBERT France c.1836

‘Rosa gallica officinalis’ (‘Red rose of Lancaster’, ‘The Apothecary’s Rose’, ‘Rose of Provins’). A fantastic sight when in full bloom each summer. The flowers of deep pink to cerise are a layer more than single with golden stamens. Growth is upright and bushy though the weight of the flowers can cause the branches to bow. Of great antiquity and historically valued. I speak of this roe briefly in my introduction to the Gallicas.
0.9 X 0.9m 3 x 3’ Of great antiquity



Scharlachglut‘Rosa Mundi’ (‘Rosa gallica versicolor’). One of the most famous old roses, and certainly a conversation starter. A very old rose, the semi-double blooms being large and open with splashes of pink and white on a crimson background. Bushy. Said to be named after Fair Rosamund, mistress to Henry 11. A sport of Rosa gallica officinalis identical in most respects except colour of bloom.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ Origin obscure but of great age

‘Scharlachglut’ (‘Scarlet Fire’). Indeed a handsome shrub bearing an abundance of large, rich, scarlet-crimson single flowers with pronounced golden stamens en-masse in mid summer. Large urn-shaped hips carried throughout most of the winter, at least until the birds have their feasts in frost. Can easily be grown as a climber against a wall.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6' KORDES Germany 1952

‘Sissinghurst Castle’ (‘Rose des Maures’). Likely to be a very old old rose of rich, deep crimson to maroon. Semi-double and slightly fragrant. Foliage is small on slight stems with thorns of little significance. Rediscovered in the grounds of the castle of it’s name and re-introduced by Sackville-West.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' Re-introduced UK 1947

‘Surpasse Tout’ A compact plant bearing medium-sized, double flowers of rich carmine. Fragrant but rather unwieldy in growth and can be sparse on the foliage front. It’s origin is obscure but it’s name not entirely descriptive of it’s character.,br> 1.2 X 0.9m 3 x 3' PRE 1832

‘Tuscany’ (‘Old Velvet Rose’) Extremely ancient. Flowers are semi-double, crimson bordering on purple, the petals have a velvety sheen and surround a halo of golden stamens. Dark green foliage on upright growth.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ PRE 1596



Tricolor de Flandre‘Tuscany Superb’ Undoubtedly ‘superb’. Deepest crimson purple blooms that lend themselves to the colour of the wine from the region of the name of this rose. The deep colour of the petals is accentuated by the brightness of the stamens at their centre.Some consider the fragrance to be subtle, I find it more pleasing than that. Upright in growth and well foliated.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' W.PAUL UK 1848

‘Tricolore’ (‘Reine Marguerite’) Pink with lilac tinged edges and mottled white flowers are shapely and full. A strong growing, upright plant with dark foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LAHAYE PÈRE France 1827

‘Tricolore de Flandre’ In many respects similar to ‘Camaieux’ but with heavier streaks in deeper more purple tones Fully double and reflexed. A lovely rose. Ideal for the small garden thanks to its neat composure. Leaves strong and dark.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' VAN HOUTTE Belgium 1846

‘Velutinaeflora’ Deep pink to purple, heavily veined, single flowers are fragrant with obvious stamens. Plentiful greyish green foliage and on relatively thorny wood. Tidy enough for a small garden or even a pot and tolerant of both shade and poor soil.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' Origin and date unclear
 

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Hybrid Musks
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This is an interesting and extremely useful group of roses, within the ranks of which can be found some true beauties. They were originally known as the ‘Pemberton Roses’ after the Reverend Joseph Pemberton who concentrated on their breeding in the early 1900’s. The roses he created were a bit of a breakthrough in that by and large they were the first group of tidily proportioned roses to flower continuously. The flowers, usually borne in very large clusters are not only attractive but often, usually in fact, sweetly scented.

We have much to owe this clergyman of rural Essex. Many of the Hybrid Musks available today are of his breeding, although a few were bred after his death, by one of his gardener’s Mr A.J. Bentall who was responsible for the ever famous ‘Ballerina’. A few others have contributed also along the way.

Generally speaking the Hybrid Musks are welcome and accommodating in any garden. A group of nicely proportioned roses, many suited to being housed in tubs with the odd larger candidate happy if trained to climb. As with all continuous flowering roses the Hybrid Musks benefit from regular dead heading (removing the whole spent spray rather than individual dead blooms) to encourage the production of further flushes. A good all round selection.



Bishop Darlington‘Autumn Delight’ Semi-double flowers are soft to buff yellow and emerge from shapely buds in large trusses. Almost thornless, bushy growth is upright and well clothed in dark foliage. Fragrant although not overpoweringly so. Continuous flowering. Will accept poor soil and makes an attractive hedge.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' BENTALL UK 1933

‘Ballerina’ A very well known rose. Large clusters of small (about the size of a ten pence piece) single, pink blooms with a white centre. Foliage consists of narrow ovate leaves of mid green. A prolific dainty and showy shrub. This rose is often produced as a standard with both the shrub and standard forms being extremely useful as options for growing in a tub. Will cope with shade and disadvantaged soil. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BENTALL UK 1937

‘Bishop Darlington’ This is a strong growing neatly sized shrub, clothed in dark mid green foliage. The large blowsy flowers, are semi-double cream with apricot, pink and yellow overtones, usually strongest at the centre.. Strongly scented and profuse over a long period into the autumn. A rose that will cope with the more difficult areas of the garden even shade and bad soil.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ THOMAS USA 1926

‘Buff Beauty’ One of the most beautiful roses in this family of the rose. ‘Buff Beauty’ is known to often vary in colour between soil types bearing large trusses of anything from bright apricot-yellow to much softer buff-yellow flowers. Flowers are of medium size and semi-double. Nicely fragrant. Flowering from mid-summer onwards well into the autumn. If grown against a wall this cultivar makes an excellent smaller climber. Accepts most places in the garden.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ BENTALL UK 1939

‘Clytemnestra’ Sweetly scented flowers of a subtle shade of buff suffused with peach and salmon, display a bold coronet of golden yellow anthers. They are borne in clusters amid leathery dark green foliage. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1915



Danae‘Cornelia’ Individually small, double, pompom like flowers of salmon pink with tinges of strawberry and salmon make up large clusters that sometimes cause the branches to bow under their weight. Free flowering over a long season and fragrant if only, in my opinion, slightly. Foliage has a bronze tinge to it. Very good autumn flush. Easy going in the majority of garden situations.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ PEMBERTON UK 1925

‘Danaë’ Blooms of buff yellow fade to cream as they age. They are borne in large trusses on a vigorous plant amply covered in dark green leaves. Healthy and vigorous and not too fussy about it’s situation. Can be grown as a climber. Free flowering over a long period.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1913

‘Daybreak’ I always think that this rose has a most beautiful name as does Moonlight, both bred by Pemberton but five years apart. Perhaps it is because it is early flowering in relation to many. Medium sized trusses of semi-double lemon yellow to soft primrose blooms. Dark glossy foliage. This rose is unlikely to outgrow its welcome with flowers well into the autumn.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ PEMBERTON UK 1918

‘Eva’ Large, almost single blooms of rich bright red to carmine, paling to almost white towards their centres. Good, dark green foliage. Vigorous. This cultivar is scented, relatively content to grow in all but the worst of situations, continuously flowering for a long season and should be better known.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ KORDES Germany 1933

‘Felicia’ One of the more vigorous of the Hybrid Musks, matching it’s vigour as does in quantity of flower. Well known and very useful in the garden with double silver-pink to salmon flowers, slightly muddled in style. Fragrant. Highly recommended.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' PEMBERTON UK 1928

‘Francesca’ The flowers of ‘Francesca’ are beautiful in a refined and understated way. Semi-double, medium sized, apricot yellow in large sprays on strong stems. The colour of this cultivar is rare. Scented. Good foliage. Continuous flowering and useful in many respects.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1921



Kathleen‘Kathleen’ The overall effect of this rose when it is in full bloom is stunning, one could liken it’s flowers to apple blossom. Large clusters of small, single flowers of blush pink with pronounced anthers borne on a long stem, well clothed in dark glossy foliage. Fragrant. Repeat flowering at least. A large shrub rose that could, given the support of a wall, provide good cover.
2.5 x 1.2m 8 x 4' PEMBERTON UK 1922

‘Moonlight’ Another beautiful creation of Reverend Pemberton’s. Semi-double,flowers of lemon to white with pronounced stamens are free in their frequence of appearance and are borne on long, often arching stems. A strong growing healthy plant. A confident shrub welcome in most gardens.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1913

‘Nur Mahal’ Large clusters of bright crimson, semi-double blooms are held erect over strong stems. Scented. Healthy, glossy dark foliage. Can be used as a climber with support, even a pillar specimen. A lesser known Pemberton Musk but one with much to commend it, should be better known. Continuous flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5x 4' PEMBERTON UK 1923

‘Pax’ One of the most statuesque of the Hybrid Musks. Flowers up to 4". Very large cream fading to white blooms are borne in spaced out clusters on a vigorous shrub. Very dark green foliage provides a superb foil. Can be grown as a climber or alternatively makes a good, strong hedge.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ PEMBERTON UK 1918.

‘Penelope’ Semi-double, creamy-pink paling to white flowers, individual petals a little fimbriated, with a good fragrance. One of the most beautiful of the group with a very feminine delicacy to it’s porcelain like blooms. Foliage dark with purplish tinges but can be prone to mildew after the first flush. Continuous flowering.
1.5 x 1.2 m 5 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1924

‘Pink Prosperity’ Pink form of Prosperity (see below) with smaller flowers and denser growth. An excellent lesser known Hybrid Musk variety.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' BENTALL UK 1931



Pink Prosperity‘Prosperity’ Trusses of very double creamy-white flowers which look well against its dark glossy leaves, strongly scented.
5 x 4' P. H. (C) 1919

‘Robin Hood’ Trusses of rich scarlet flowers, in build a little more than single. A tidy, well foliated plant of dark green leaves with bushy habit. Useful at the front of the border or in a tub. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ PEMBERTON UK 1927

‘Thisbe’ Sulphurish-straw yellow coloured rosette like blooms are borne in large clusters.Growth is bushy and well clothed in mid-green glossy foliage. Makes a successful hedge and is tolerant of all but really unkind positions in the garden. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ PEMBERTON UK 1918

‘Vanity’ Large clusters of big fragrant, almost lipstick pink, semi-double flowers on a vigorous bush. Recurrent bloom over a long season. I remember this rose growing against a flint stone wall in my child-hood garden (indeed that rose was then immortalised beautifully through the lens of my father’s camera) and although it had a tendency to be angular I recall it as very beautiful. Repeat flowering.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5' PEMBERTON UK 1920

‘Wilhelm’ (‘Skyrocket’) At the end of stout stems are borne clusters of crimson red, virtually single blooms. A good candidate when a continuous flowering shrub rose is required. Leaves are a deep green and healthy. This is one of the few Hybrid Musks to provide a good display of hips in the autumn. Continuous flowering. Can also be considered a climber or at very least a pillar rose if given support.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ KORDES Germany 1944
 

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Re: Уход

Hybrid Perpetuals
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These roses were at their height of popularity in the Victorian era when big was considered to be best and indeed most of them are sumptuously well endowed with big blooms and equally big perfumes. They are not, as the name implies, totally perpetual but most will provide at least one second flush, some are more frequent if only with odd blooms

The hybrid Perpetuals played a large role in the parentage of the more modern day Hybrid Tea, this influence clearly displayed in the shape and size of their flowers. They vary in size, there are varieties suitable for pots and some that can be grown as climbers.



Ardoissée de Lyon‘Alfred Colomb’ Very double, dark red to crimson with various other flecks of pink and carmine, paler on the petal reverse. Delightfully fragrant and well clothed in foliage on a plant that grows vigorously. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0,9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1871

‘Anna de Diesbach’ (‘Gloire de Paris’) An upright and tall rose, very fragrant with over sized blooms of deep, rose pink with deeper shadings. Its mannerism of growth can be a little awkward. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1858

‘Ardoissée de Lyon’ A medium growing variety with ample grey green leaves and numerous nasty prickles., Creased petals make up quartered flowers of rich deep pink with violet shadings.High fragrance. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' DAMAIZIN France 1858.

‘Baronne Prévost’ Very double, flattish flowers of deep, rose pink. An upright and vigorous plant with ample foliage. Scented. Can succumb to blackspot but this should be ignored when it’s beauty is taken into account. Repeat blooming.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' DESPREZ France 1842

‘Baron de Bonstetten’ Somewhat cupped deep red flowers age as they mature when they bear shades of greyish purple. Fragrant to my senses but open to debate. Upright, auite thorny and clothed in mid green foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ LIABAUD France 1871

‘Baron Girod de l'Ain’ This rose could be regarded as a novelty when in actual fact it has it’s own garden worthiness. An interesting rose, flowers cupped and full, of bright crimson red with white edging to each wavy petal, fragrant and healthy. Growth can be a little floppy, dressed with dark leaves and stout thorns. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' REVERCHON France 1897



Baron de Bonstetten‘Baroness Rothschild’ Over-large very cupped cupped flowers of soft rose pink, are borne at the tip of very strong upright growth that is well clothed in light greyish green foliage. The scent of this rose is debatable, to some noses it is extremely pleasurable, to others non-existent. It’s long lived beauty is however unarguable. Neat proportions make siting this rose easy, almost anywhere works. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' PERNET PÈRE France 1868

‘Black Prince’ Fragrant, large cupped flowers of rich carmine shaded almost black. Vigorous. With ample foliage although a slight tendency to mildew. Repeat Flowering.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' W. PAUL UK 1866

‘Charles Gater’ Clear red, globular and scented flowers on a vigorous upright plant with good foliage and prickly stems. Its accomodating size lends it to growth in a tub as well as planting in the mixed bed or border. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m. 4 x 2' W.PAUL UK 1893

‘Charles Lefèbvre’ From pointed buds emerge large, very full flowers of rich crimson shaded maroon. Very fragrant. Vigorous. Upright growth well clothed in dark green foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1861

‘Comtesse Cècile de Chabrillant’ Shapely, cupped mid-pink flowers with a good perfume held erect on strong stems. Repeat flowering, can be grown in a pot. Good, strong foliage.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' MAREST France 1858



Black Prince‘Countess of Oxford’(’Comtesse d’Oxforde’) Not very well known this is a medium growing, tidy and vigorous rose with light red, globular flowers and a good perfume. Foliage healthy.Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 4 x 3' GUILLOT PÈRE France 1869

‘Dr. Andry’ Double, bright crimson flowers flushed deep pink opening cupped. Not scented with the most powerful perfume although one is detectable. Upright vigorous growth with dark, glossy foliage. Repeat flowering and suitable for a tub.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' E. VERDIER France 1864

‘Duke of Edinburgh’ Large, many petalled shapely flowers of deep crimson red, scented and very free flowering..Its nature is to be stout, as broad as tall but tidy enough for a tub or the front of the border. Repeat flowering. Prefers good soils in which to flourish.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' PAUL UK 1868

‘Duke of Wellington’ Shapely scarlet-crimson flowers, with deeper shades on the reverse of the petals, of larger than average size held on an erect, robust plant. Dislikes hot sun when its velvet textured petals become like brown paper. Scented and repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GRANGER France 1874.

‘Dupuy Jamain’ Very double, shapely flowers of cerise-red and considerable size exude a heavy perfume. A tidy plant, well foliated with grey green, healthy leaves. Repeat flowering, happy in a pot and good for bringing inside as cut flower.
1.2 x 0.9’ 4 x 3' JAMAIN France 1868



Eugéne Fürst‘Éclair’ A very dark red almost black bloom, with petals swirling to form a quartered pattern highly scented. Fairly vigorous and upright in stature but benefits that extra little bit of tlc. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1833

‘Empereur du Maroc’ (Emperor of Marocco’) A beautiful rose. Very double crimson-tinged purple, highly fragrant and borne in heavy clusters. Can be lax in growth which is improved by regular pruning. Prickly stems. Sadly can be marred by mildew and black spot. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' GUINOISSEAU France 1858

‘Eugéne Fürst’ Large crimson purple flowers are quill edged and highly scented. They are borne on strong necks. Upright growth with good dark green foliage. Prefers a sunny position. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' SOUPERT AND NOTTING Luxembourg 1875

‘Ferdinand de Lesseps’ A vigorous rose bearing shapely, flowers of Centifolia shape. Soft purple lavender shaded over-all with with magenta. Scented and repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VERDIER France 1869

‘Ferdinand Pichard’ One of the most attractive and well known of the striped varieties. Double, pink and crimson flowers striped and streaked, scented blooms are freely and repeatedly produced. Foliage dark, individual leaves quite large. An excellent rose well worth considering in any place in the garden, also a good option for a boundary hedge.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' TANNE France 1921

‘Fisher Holmes’ Large, well-formed, double flowers from a shapely bud. In colour a mixture of scarlet and crimson, scented. Attractive foliage can be prone to disease. Repeat to continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' VERDIER France 1865



Frau Karl Druschki‘Frau Karl Druschki’ (‘Snow Queen’). Large well shaped pure white flowers borne on a vigorous upright bush. Sometimes bows it’s head which can be annoying and is sadly not highly scented. None the less an excellent white rose that is well dressed in dark foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' P. LAMBERT Germany 1901

‘Général Jacqueminot’ (‘General Jack’) Fully double clear red flowers, sometimes with the odd white fleck, are fragrant and borne at the tip of long stems, making them suitable for cutting. Fragrant. Rich green foliage but can be marred by rust in the late summer months. Continuous flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' ROUSSEL France 1853

‘Georg Arends’ A free flowering, fragrant rose of soft pink. Large full blooms, often with outer petals folding back. A vigorous, healthy plant with large grey green leaves. Continuous flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' HINNER Germany 1910

‘Gloire de Bruxelles’ (‘Gloire de l’Exposition’). Very large, many petalled flowers of velvety crimson to purple in colour. Highly scented and in growth sadly a little untidy, benefiting from support. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' SOUPERT AND NOTTING Luxembourg 1889

‘Gloire de Ducher’ Large deep red to maroon flowers with paler reverses are borne abundantly along willowy arching branches on a vigorous plant. Foliage dark grey green. A good rose that is repeat flowering and tolerant of less than the best soil. Can be used as a climber with support.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' DUCHER France 1865

‘Gloire Lyonnaise’ Large, cupped semi-double flowers of pure white with lemon at the base base. Nicely perfumed. Upright growth well covered with leathery dark foliage. Repeat to continuous flowering. Will tolerate poorer soil. Useful for a defining boundary.
1.2 x 0.6m 4 x 2' GUILLOT FILS France 1885



James Bourgault‘Heinrich Schultheis’ Large, well shaped and fragrant blooms of soft pink. Used as an exhibition rose in Victorian times. Vigorous. Well clothed in foliage with upright growth.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BENNETT UK 1882

‘Henry Nevard’ Cupped, bright crimson flowers are large and sweetly fragrant. Dark green leathery leaves, bushy growth. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' CANTS UK 1924

‘Her Majesty’ Huge blooms of clear rose pink with deeper flecks towards the centre. Not the most healthy of roses, but very beautiful.
3 x 2' Tb. (R) 1885

‘Horace Vernet’ Fragrant, high centred and shapely double blooms are rich crimson. Tidy, growth well foliated with dark leaves. Repeat flowering and useful for a tub, also tolerant of poor soil.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' GUILLOT FILS France 1866

‘Hugh Dickson’ A tall, rich red of distinction, with a lovely perfume, that because of a tendancy to be arching in habit is especially suited to the pegging-down principle, when it will produce an abundance of flowers. Good autumn display. Foliage rich dark green. Can also be used as a climber. Repeat flowering.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5' DICKSON UK 1905

‘James Bourgault’ Soft pink to white blooms are fully double yet well shaped and fragrant. Vigorous upright growth with dark green foliage. This repeat flowering cultivar could and should be better known.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' RENAULT France 1887

‘Jean Rosenkrantz’ Big well formed flowers of pinkish-red are gently perfumed. An upright growing vigorous plant well covered in foliage. Tidy enough to be accomodated in a planter. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' RENAULT France 1864

‘John Hopper’ A pleasing combination of bright pink and lilac, very double and sweetly perfumed blooms, sometimes deeper in colour at their centres. Repeat flowering. An upright and healthy plant with much to commend it, will tolerate poor soils.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' WARD UK 1862



Juliet‘Juliet’ An interesting rose and certainly a bit different for a Hybrid Perpetual with deep yellow buds opening to expose rosy-red petals with yellow reverses. Repeat flowering. Foliage dark green, crinkled and curled. Slightly scented. Vigorous.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' W. PAUL UK 1910

‘La Reine’ (‘Reine des Français’) Large, goblet shaped full blooms of silvery-rose pink emerge from high centred buds. One of the first Hybrid Perpetuals introduced and a parent to many others. Upright and well covered in foliage.Fragrant. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2 LAFFAY France 1842

‘Le Havre’ Double, bright almost vermillion red flowers on a bushy plant with dark green leathery foliage. Repeat flowering, can be grown in a pot.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' EUDES France 1871

‘Mme. Victor Verdier’ Huge, very double light crimson to carmine blooms are blowsy, somewhat ruffled in style. Fragrant, Vigorous and healthy with ample dark coloured foliage.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' E. VERDIER France 1863

‘Magna Charta’ A sport of ‘Mme Gabriel Luizet’ this rose has flowers of bright pink with deeper, almost red shadings. Fully double and cupped until fully open. Scented and repeat flowering. Dark leathery foliage on bushy, tidy growth.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' W.PAUL UK 1876.



Mrs John Laing‘Merveille de Lyon’ A soft pink to white sport of ‘Baroness Rothschild’ with all the attributes of its parent except depth of colour. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' PERNET PÈRE France 1882.

‘Mrs John Laing’ Very double and shapely, quite large soft to mid pink pink blooms, one of the outstanding roses in this group. Fragrant. An erect bush with large grey green leaves reputed to do well in poor soil. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BENNETT UK 1887

‘Paul Neyron’ The blooms of this rose really need to be seen as sometimes their size is incredible. An outstanding rose not only in size of bloom but shape and colour which is best described as on the magenta side of rich pink with paler petal reverse. I find them very fragrant to others the perfume is light. Stong growth covered in generously sized leaves of dark, matt green. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' LEVET France 1869

‘Paul Ricault’ Large bright rose pink, flat and sometimes quartered flowers with a good perfume. Vigorous upright growth. Ample foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' PORTEMER France 1845

‘Paul’s Early Blush’ (‘Mrs Harkness’) A sport of ‘Heinrich Schultheiss’I really rather like this rose. Huge, very double, highly scented flowers of pale pink to blush on a sturdy plant with thorny thick set branches. Good for the shrubbery but also happy if grown in a tub. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' W. PAUL UK 1893



Paul’s Early Blush‘Pierre Notting’ Deep crimson, globular flowers on an upright, vigorous plant. Very highly perfumed in my opinion. A strong growing rose, repeat flowering and tolerant of poor soil.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' PORTEMER France 1863.

‘Prince Camille de Rohan’ (‘La Rosière’). Blooms of huge proportion open from tubby buds to be flat topped very deep blackish-red, becoming deeper as they mature. Does have a rather weak neck causingthe blooms to nod downwards. A vigorous plant with dark foliage. Repeat blooming.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' E. VERDIER France 1861.

‘Reine des Violettes’ A beautiful rose almost without exception, even in poor soil. The blooms are a rich shade of magenta purple to greyish mauve with a superb fragrance. They open very flat and quartered from plump buds and appear all summer, especially when the plant is established. A large shrub bearing abundant soft green leaves.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' 1860.

‘Roger Lambelin’ Similar to ‘Baron Girod de’ l’Ain’ in that the double blooms are maroon edged white.However this one needs extra care to achieve any garden worthiness. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' SCHWARTZ France 1890

‘Ruhm von Steinfurth’ (‘Red Druschki’) Double, high centred flowers of ruby to deep pink, fading with age. Very fragrant with dark green leathery foliage. Can be grown in a tub and tolerant of poor soils. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' WEIGAND Germany 1920

‘Sidonie’ Fully double, clear pink with wavy edges to the petals and nicely scented. A free flowering, shorter growing variety. Although tolerant of poorer soils it would be sensible to plant it with the best husbandry as it is quite susceptible to black spot. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' VIBERT France 1847

‘Souvenir d'Alphonse Lavallée’ A lovely double flower combining many shades of crimson to purple maroon, sometimes confused with ‘Souvenir du Docteur Jamain’. Scented. It’s growth habit is such that it is probably best grown as a small climber against a wall otherwise it will require support. Repeat flowering.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' VERDIER France 1884

‘Souvenir de Jeanne Balandreau’ Deep pink with vermilion highlights. An interesting rose. Flowers are large and well shaped, almost cupped on strong necks. They are scented and appear repeatedly. Foliage dark.
1.2 x 0.9m. 4 x 3' ROBICHON France 1899



Ulrich Brunner Fils‘Spencer’ Flat, almost muddled, fully double flowers of soft, satin-pink with paler reverses.Growth is fairly vigorous with good dark foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' W. PAUL UK 1892

‘Ulrich Brunner Fils’ (‘Ulrich Brunner’)Rather loose but fully double flowers of rose carmine fading as they age. Sweetly scented and vigorous with dark foliage and less than average thorn coverage. Repeating.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' 1882

‘Vick’s Caprice’ Large, double cupped flowers with high centres. An unusual rose of pale pink and lilac with white and deep pink stripes although the stiping is far less flamboyant than found in other striped roses. Repeat flowering, sometimes nearly continuous. Attractive foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VICK USA 1891

‘Victor Verdier’ Clear, bright rose pink, fully double, scented flowers on a strong upright growing plant with good dark green foliage and ample thorns. An important rose, being parent to many old varieties.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1859

‘Xavier Olibo’ A sport of “Général Jacqueminot”, with which it shares everything but a much darker red colouring.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' LACHARME France 1865

‘Yolande d'Aragon’ Globular, almost oversized blooms of vivid, rich, pink in colour. Scented. Growth upright with light green foliage. Repeat flowering and happy to be grown in a planter.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1843
 

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Hybrid Teas
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The Hybrid Teas (Large Flowered Roses) are generally thought of as bedding roses but that description implies that that is their only use when in actual fact there are many roles in the garden to which they are suited and there are of course many Climbing Hybrid Teas as well.

Not only are they thought of as bedding roses but they are also termed to be ‘modern’ but it belies logic, to me to class a rose introduced in 1865 as modern! Okay as already stated roses go back millions of years therefore, cronologically varieties from the Victorian era are relative youngsters but the same theory applies to many things, we do not describe anything from that era as ‘modern’!

Therefore I encourage you, as you read this to consider the full broad range of these plants as encompassing a large time span (for they are still as popular today as they were when they first emerged) and to remember that Hybrid Teas are excellent when grown as part of the mixed shrubbery or even in pots or as specimen plants. By and large, although not true in every case, The H.T’s as we refer to them bear single large blooms on strong stems making them an ideal florists rose.

This is an extremely large group of roses and in reality I touch on only a small number of those available. I have tried to provide a collection here that are broad ranging in colour and habit.



Anna Pavlova‘Alexander’ A very bright vermillion is the only description for the colour of this rose. Large flowers borne in quantity on a healthy disease-resistant and upright plant. Good for cutting and taking inside.
1.8 x 1.2 6’ x4’ HARKNESS UK 1972

‘Anna Pavlova’ The scent of this dreamy rose is to die for. From pointed buds emerge large and full blooms of soft soapy pink, all summer long. Perhaps best planted among other plants or in groups of three as it is inclined to be thin in growth habit. Large dark leaves.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ BEALES UK 1981

‘Angèle Pernet’ Beautifully formed flowers of orange and yellow, but without garishness, with a heady fragrance foiled by rich bronze foliage. Continuous flowering.
0.6 x 0.6m 2’ x 2’ PERNET DUCHER France 1924

‘Apricot Silk’ High centred buds open to blowsy blooms that are fragrant and clear apricot in colour. Dark, glossy foliage. Vigorous and upright.
Cants 1975

‘Betty Uprichard’ A famous old highly perfumed variety. Semi-double blooms emerge from shapely buds, soft salmon pink with deeper reverse. Light green foliage.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ DICKSON UK 1922.



Christian Dior‘Christian Dior’ Upright growth with good foliage. Strong stems bear shapely, rotund blooms of clear deep red. Not much scent which is surprising given its name. Continuous Flowering.An older variety that with a little molly coddling, can provide some superb blooms.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x2’ MEILLAND France 1958

‘Chrysler Imperial’ Large, pointed buds open to very full, very fragrant, deep crimson-red fully double flowers.Dark green foliage. Vigorous and compact.
7.5 x 0.6m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ LAMMERTS Germany 1952.

‘Crimson Glory’ A beautiful rose. Large, globular blooms of deep velvety red, has a tendency to hang its head due largely to a rather weak neck but this should not discourage. Very fragrant. Thorny rather awkward growth, dark green foliage.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ KORDES Germany 1935

‘Dainty Bess’ A lovely variety. Five ripple edged petals of soft pink and pronounced golden brown stamens combine to form a lovely flower of large diameter, borne in clusters. They are sweetly scented and appear on and off all summer. Foliage large.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ ARCHER UK 1925.

‘Dame Edith Helen’ Large, very double, almost vivid pink blooms, held on a strong, erect stems. Healthy foliage on bushy upright growth.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ DICKSON UK 1926

‘Diamond Jubilee’ A lovely rose with large, fully double blooms of buff to apricot. It is delightfully Fragrant. Free flowering, good for cutting, both for exhibition and flower arranging. A good choice for mass planting or for hedging should a shorter boundary be required. Healthy.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ 1947 BOERNER UK 1947



Diamond Jubilee‘Elina’ (‘Peaudouce’) Large shapely flowers of soft yellow to ivory are freely produced over a long season. Slightly scented. Foliage dark green, glossy and healthy. Vigorous.
0.75 x 0.6 2’ 6’’x 2’ Dickson 1983

‘Ellen Willmott’ Another charming, single variety. Large wavy edges petals of cream and pink surround prominent golden anthers. Upright growth. Foliage and stems, especially when young are tinted purple. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ ARCHER UK 1936

‘Etoile de Hollande Bush’ Highly scented blooms are large, globular and full. Rich velvety dark red. Fragrant. Large dark green foliage. Repeat flowering.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ VERSCHUREN Netherlands 1919

‘Golden Melody’ A beautiful pale yellow to buff rose double and shapely, one of the very best from the 1930’s. Highly scented. Repeat flowering.
7.5 x 0.6m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ LA FLORIDA USA 1934

‘Grace Darling’ Shapely creamy-white fragrant flowers are shaded with pink. Moderately vigorous but growth rather angular. One of the early H.T’s. Repeat flowering with dark greyish green foliage.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ BENNETT UK 1884

‘Grandmére Jenny’ Peach and golden-yellow, with tints of pink. Free flowering and healthy. A shapely rose with some scent. This rose has much to commend it. Along the lines of ‘Peace’.
0.75 x 0.6m 2’6” x 2’MEILLAND France 1950.

‘Grandpa Dickson’ An good yellow with, large, exhibition size blooms borne amid healthy, glossy dark green foliage.Blooms appear freely over a long season.
0.75 x 0.6 2’ 6’’ x 2’ DICKSON 1966

‘Helen Traubel’ A beautiful rose from pointed puds emerge full rich apricot tinged pink blooms.. Rather weak neck encouraging it to hang its head but has many other merits to allow one to ignore this.Growth is tall and upright.
105 x 60cm 3’ 6’’ x 2’ SWIM USA 1951



La France‘Lady Sylvia’ Elegant shapely buds opening to full flowers of soft flesh-pink with deeper shades apparent and a wonderful perfume. The plant is bushy and fairly vigorous with good foliage.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ STEVENS UK 1926

‘La France’ Historically important as the first H.T. Of great beauty, except in wet weather. Rose pink fully double scented blooms emerge from slender buds. Growth is upright with good foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1865

‘Lady Mary Fitzwilliam’ Rediscovered near Watton, Norfolk by Keith Money in 1975. Freely produced very soft powder pink flowers flushed deeper in places. Shapely, double and scented, not vigorous but bushy. Plentiful good quality foliage.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ BENNETT UK 1882

‘Mme. Butterfly’ Similar in many respects to ‘Lady Sylvia’ A very lovely rose of several shades of soft pink to blush with lemon tinges. Free flowering over a long period. Very fragrant.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ HILL AND CO USA 1918

‘Mme. Caroline Testout’ Large globular, full satin pink flowers with deeper shadings. Very fragrant and free flowering. Vigorous. Foliage soft mid-green.
0.9 x 0.75m 3 x 2’ 6” PERNET DUCHER France 1890



Mme. Butterfly‘McGredy's Yellow’ Shapely and unfading lemon flowers are freely produced on a vigorous and healthy plant with dark foliage. Very few modern H.T.’s of this colour come close to it.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ McGredy UK 1934

‘Mrs Oakley Fisher’ I find this rose most beautiful. Single blooms are large, a subtle combination of apricot and orange. Set off by good dark foliage. Highly scented and blooms continuously.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ CANT UK 1921

‘Norwich Cathedral’ Blooms are clear mid-yellow and nicely perfumed. Very free flowering, bushy but upright. A first class bedding rose. Introduced to commemorate the 900th anniversary of the Cathedral and diosease of Norwich.
0.75 x 0.6 2’ 6’’ x 2 ‘ Beales 1996

‘Ophelia’ Beautiful. Shapely, elegant buds opening to rich, blush pink blooms with deeper shadings. Slight lemon tints in the centre of each bloom. Good foliage and highly fragrant. Continuously flowering.
0.6 X 0.6m 2 x 2’ W.PAUL UK 1912

‘Papa Meilland’ A superb deep velvety-crimson bloom with obvious veining. Strong scent. Mid to dark green, semi-glossy foliage on an upright plant. Well armed with large thorns.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ MEILLAND France 1963



Pascali‘Pascali’ The blooms of this rose are shapely, free flowering, creamy-white and held erect on strong stems amid attractive foliage. An outstanding rose. Ideal for cutting and bringing indoors.
0.9 x 0.6 m 3’x 2’ LENS Belgium 1963

‘Peace’ Primrose yellow with soft pink shading this rose is sweetly scented. Healthy and vigorous with rich green glossy foliage. Extremely well known.
1.2 x 0.9 Meilland 1945

‘Picture’ Shapely blooms with the outer petals often folded back and rich in colour, being clear pink with deeper shadings. Scented. Upright and tidy in habit.
0.9 x 0.9m3 x 3’ MCGREDY UK 1932

‘Pinta’ A soft blend of pure white to creamy-yellow. Although the size of each bloom is not large, it has perfect buds, unfolding to beautiful plump fruity scented blooms. The growth is medium-short with healthy, leathery, dark green foliage.
1.05 x 0.75 m 3’ 6’’ x 2’ 6’’ BEALES UK 1973

‘Polar Star’ (‘Polarstern’) 1985. Shapely, large full blooms of pure white. Slightly scented. Vigorous and healthy with dark green foliage providing the perfect foil for the blooms.
0.9 x 0.6 m 3’ x 2’ TANTAU Germany 1985

‘Royal Smile’ This is a lovely rose of creamy-white with delicate, soft pink shadings, Very fragrant and free flowering. Good foliage.
0.75 x 0.6 m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ BEALES UK 1980

‘Shot Silk’ Fragrant, cherry-cerise and golden yellow double blooms. Excellent glossy foliage on a didy upright growing plant. Repeat to continuous flowering.
0.45 x 0.45m 1’ 6’’ x 1’ 6’’ DICKSON UK 1924

‘Silver Wedding’ Full, shapely flowers of white to creamy-white, held firmly on a bushy plant with dark green foliage. This is a very popular gift for obvious reasons. Good for cutting.
0.75 x 0.6 m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ GREGORY UK 1976



The Doctor‘Sir Frederick Ashton’ A white sport of ‘Anna Pavlova’ with all her characteristics including that wonderful perfume.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ BEALES UK 1987

‘Sutters Gold’ A free flowering, bright canary yellow with orange shadings. Prefers a good soil. Scented. Upright bushy growth well dressed in mid-green foliage.
0.9 x 0.6m 3’ x 2’ SWIM USA 1950.

‘The Doctor’ A famous old rose. Rich, silver pink with a satin sheen to the petals. Fully double, shapely, high centred and strongly scented. Repeat to continuous flowering. Upright and tidy.
0.75 x 0.6m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ HOWARD USA 1936.

‘Violinista Costa’ Blowsy blooms freely produced on a healthy plant with glossy foliage. The colour is deep, silvery-pink with even deeper strawberry shadings.. Well armed with thorns.
0.75 x 0.6m 2’ 6’’ x 2’ CAMPRUBI Spain 1936

‘White Wings’ This pretty, single rose has, as the name implies, large papery petals of white with pronounced, chocolate amber anthers. Foliage is leathery and dark green.
1.1 x 7.5m 3’ 6’’ x 3’ 6’’ KREBS USA 1947
 

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Modern Shrubs
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This is an infinitely complicated group of roses as far as geneology goes and on the whole are placed in this section for that reason and that reason only. Within their ranks can be found other ‘groups’ named as they are for generally commercial reasons, making them easy market to the public. Following this tradition I too have listed them separately in this book for even though their coding refers more to their similarity in habit and flower than their breeding they are now commonly respected within these groups. I refer in particular to the English Roses and The Ground Cover roses; for the latter I prefer the title ‘Procumbent Roses’

Hence those roses listed here are without the afore mentioned sub groups. Within their ranks can be found roses for almost any where in the garden for their diversity is great from those of accommodating size to those tall enough to be considered small climbers. Most repeat flower but there are some with the ability to produces masses of flower for a shorter period.



Bliss‘Anna Zinkeisen’ An attractive rose. Yellow buds open to flowers that are semi double creamy lemon. Repeat flowering the plant tends to be fairly broad in growth with good slightly glossy dark foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' HARKNESS UK 1983.

‘Anthony’ Introduced for the Anthony Nolan Trust this is a good all rounder. Full and double, soft to mid pink kpink blooms continuously produced in great abundance over a long season. Heavily scented, tidy plant with dark green glossy foliage.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' BEALES UK 2002

‘Armada’ Large open flowers of bright rose pink in trusses of several blooms at once. Very free flowering.Very healthy with a strong constitution. Can be grown as a climber with support. Although late flowering this rose also produces good hips.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' HARKNESS UK 1988

‘Autumn Fire’ (‘Herbstfeuer’). Blooms are large, semi-double dark red with only a slight fragrance. Foliage dark green and generally healthy. Yellow tinged, pear shaped hips replace the flowers in the autumn. Occasionally repeats its flowers. A large vigorous shrub probably best placed in the mixed shrubbery.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' KORDES Germany 1961

‘Autumn Sunset’ A superb rose that is a sport of ‘Westerland’. Deep yellow, double and large blooms appear freely throughout the summer and are scented. Foliage is good and healthy. Quite a prominent rose in the garden.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' LOWE USA 1987

‘Bliss’ Blooms, although not supersized are very full and in the old fashioned style. They are unfading rich glowing raspberry pink. They are sweetly perfumed appearing all summer long in neatly arranged clusters. A tidy garden plant that can be grown in a tub with success.


0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' BEALES UK Check date and mark correction catalogue
‘Cardinal Hume’ This rose is often found listed in the ground cover section of many rose titles but although it does indeed growth to quite a broad circumference it is also capable of getting quite tall in the right situation. Rich purple, double flowers are copped in shaped and in clusters amongst dark green foliage. Repeat to continuous blooming.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4’ HARKNESS UK 1984

‘Canary Bird’(‘ Xanthina spontanea”). This rose needs little introduction for it does it well enough on it’s own as being one of the first in bloom each year. Arching brown to maroon branches covered along their length with bright yellow, small, single flowers with pronounced anthers.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' Believed to have been created in the UK in the early part of the 1900’s

‘Care 2000’ A floriferous shrub rose with healthy mid green foliage and bushy growth. The scented double and high centred blooms are soft pink with salmon highlights. They are borne continuously throughout the summer and into the autumn months.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' BEALES UK 1999
 

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Cerise Bouquet‘Cerise Bouquet’ Double raspberry red flowers adorn the arching branches of this large and graceful shrub. Leaves have a greyish tinge to them and are rounded in shape. Needs support for best success unless it is grown towards the back of the mixed shrubbery.
3.5 x 3.5m 12 x 12' KORDES Germany 1958

‘City of London’ Large, double and sometimes blowsy, blush-pink fragrant flowers are borne in trusses on an upright but bushy and healthy plant. Continuous flowering, a good candidate for a hedge.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ HARKNESS UK 1987

‘City of Oelde’ Rich rose pink blooms appear in clusters throughout the whole of the summer.A healthy rose with mid green foliage that is good when planted in groups of three or more. It’s bushy habit also suggests that it would be good in a tub.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BEALES UK 2002

‘Cocktail’ Clusters of single flowers of red with yellow centres and pronounced stamens on an upright plant. Fairly hardy although perhaps a little awkward to place thanks to it’s vivid colouring. Ample darkish foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' MEILLAND France 1959

‘Countess of Wessex’ This is by far one of the better roses in this shade of off white. Double highly perfumed blooms hold their heads high above plentiful, strong, healthy dark green foliage. They appear well into the autumn. A larger shrub rose that will grow as a climber with support, an excellent example of this grows outside my office in a tub with an obelisk upon which it is trained.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ BEALES UK 2004



Dortmund‘Cuthbert Grant’ One of the Canadian explorer series of roses. A strong bushy shrub, with Rosa suffulta in it’s genes Blooms are semi-double, cupped, deep red and fragrant. Foliage glossy. Repeat Fowering and capable of growing in tough situations.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Canada

‘Daisy Hill’ An attractive rose with large, single, fragrant, warm pink flowers. Arching growth is well clothed in dark green foliage. A relation to Rosa macrantha this cultivar usually sets a good crop of hips in the autumn.
1.5 x 2.5m 5 x 8’ KORDES Germany 1906

‘Dortmund’ From long slender buds emerge flowers that are large and single. They are red with white eye, produced in heavy clusters. Foliage is healthy dark and glossy. A very vigorous shrub orcan be used as a climber if given support. Repeat flowering and tolerant of shade and poor soil.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' KORDES Germany 1955

‘Eddie’s Jewel’ A Moyesii hybrid with very large, semi-double flowers of deep red. Very vigorous and healthy.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' EDDIE Canada 1962

‘Elmshorn’ Small, double , vivid raspberry pink flowers are held in clusters on a vigorous bush. Foliage is light green and almost wrinkled. Free flowering throughout the summer but especially good in the autumn.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' KORDES Germany 1951

‘Erfurt’ Cupped flowers are large cherry pink at the edge fading to off white at the centre with onspicuous stamens. Very free flowering over a long season. Foliage is excellent and on the bronze side of green with copper tinted young shoots and leaves.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' KORDES Germany 1939



Evelyn May‘Eos’ This rose has Rosa moyesii in it’s blood and this is particularly apparent. Generally single flowers are rich glowing pink, almost red with pronounced stamens. Growth is rather angular although arching. Summer flowering and capable of setting good fruit but not the case every season.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5' RUYS USA 1950

‘Evelyn May’ Named for my Grandmother on my father’s side, affectionately known as Nan by family, friends and staff. The double flowers are an effective mix mixture of orange, salmon and yellow with a very intense perfume. Upright in growth it can be used effectively as a specimen shrub or for hedging. Foliage dark green.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' BEALES UK 2000

‘Festive Jewel’ Beautiful high centred, double blooms are fragrant soft salmon pink and carried in clusters. Upright in growth and amply covered in fresh green foliage. Continuos flowering this is an excellent garden rose.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' BEALES UK 2004

‘Fiona’ A floriferous shrub bearing semi-double flowers of deep blood-red. Its growth tends to be broader than tall making it extremely effective if planted in groups of three or more where space allows. Quite healthy. Good in the autumn.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4' MEILLAND France 1982

‘Fountain’ Large sized double cupped blooms of crimson, when open display a proud coronet of dusty anthers. They are fragrant. Dark green foliage adorns a shrub of open growth habit. Free flowering continuously throughout the summer.
2 x 1.2m 7 x 4' TANTAU Germany 1972.

‘Fragrant Vision’ A highly scented variety and thus very suitable to commemorate the centenary. The Norfolk and Norwich Association for the Blind. The double flowers which are a raspberry red are highly perfumed with a fruity fragrance. Good dense and healthy foliage. A good rose in all respects.
1.2 x 0.9m 4’ x 3’ BEALES UK 2005



Fritz Nobis‘Fred Loads’ The usually single blooms of this large shrub are eye catching, bright vermilion orange. They are of average fragrance. Upright growth with large leathery leaves. Continuous flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' HOLMES UK 1968

‘Fritz Nobis’ Very vigorous shrub with many semi-double. light salmon-pink, scented flowers borne in trusses. Carries an abundance of hips in autumn. An excellent hedging variety.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ KORDES Germany 1940

‘Gardeners Joy’ This rose is a healthy, medium to short shrub rose of unique colouring being champagne to soft apricot in shade. The perfume is moderate. Foliage mid to light green. Upright in growth and very free flowering well into the autumn.
1.2 x 0.9m 4’ x 3’ BEALES UK 2005

’Geranium’ A moyesii seedling of dazzling red with exceptionally fine orange-red hips. Quite spectacular when seen reflecting early morning sunlight. Arrching growth habit and attractive foliage.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY UK 1938

‘Goldbusch’ Large semi-double yellow flowers in clusters amongst abundant light green slightly scented foliage.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5' KORDES Germany 1954

‘Hamburger Phoenix’ Clusters of rich red flowers that are large and semi double and almost globular prior to complete opening. Can be quite lax in growth but dense also with excellent dark green foliage. Good hips in autumn. Can be grown as a climber with support.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5' KORDES Germany 1955

‘Happy Memories’ This is an excellent smaller shrub rose, bearing masses of double, cupped flowers of cherry red, pink and white in clusters. It flowers all summer and well into autumn on a dense, bushy plant with healthy, strong foliage. An ideal candidate for the front of the border, mass bedding or for growing in tubs.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' BEALES UK 2001



Happy Memories‘Harry Maasz’ Reddish-pink with white centred blooms are large, single and cupped with pronounced stamens. Dark green foliage. Makes a good procumbent shrub, good for the mixed shrubbery. Although only once flowering the display produced by this rose is wonderful. Tolerant of poor soil and of shade.
1.5 x 2.5m 5 x 8' KORDES Germany 1939

‘Henry Kelsey’ A superb healthy and very hardy rose from Canada, another of the explorer series. Double but not hugely full, cupped rich red, scented flowers are borne in profusion. Growth is neat and wide and dressed in healthy, glossy foliage. Repeat flowering and shade tolerant.
1.2 x 1.5m 4 x 5' CANADA 1984

‘Hidcote Gold’ Bright yellow, small, single flowers with pronounced stamens on a robust, thorny, plant with many small fern-like leaves. Almost dainty in it’s disposition. Once flowering fairly early in the summer.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' HILLING and CO UK 1948

’Hillierii’ (Rosa moyesii ‘Hillieri ‘Rosa xpruhoniciana Hillierii)’ Beautiful, dark red, single flowers with pronounced stamens. Stiff but graceful growth. Good foliage. Large, orange flagon-shaped hips. Summer flowering.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ HILLIER UK 1920

‘Horatio Nelson’ At first sight one would imagine this to be an old cultivar. High centred buds open to full rich glowing pink, fully double large sized blooms that are highly fragrant. Foliage dark green on a stout plant. Continuous blooming.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ BEALES UK 1997

‘Ivor’s Rose’ Presented to Ivor Moores, a long standing BBC East weather forecaster on the occasion of his retirement. The blooms which are fully double, are cherry red, many petalled and scented. It is upright in habit and healthy. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' 2004. BEALES UK 2004



Ivor’s Rose‘Jacqueline du Pré’ This is a very beautiful rose to my mind. Semi-double blush white flowers resemble water lilies in shape and are borne in clusters. They are scented and repeat performing. Foliage is dark and healthy.
1.2 x 1.5m 4 x 5' HARKNESS UK 1989

‘Jill Dando’ This rose was introduced at the request of Gloria Hunniford and Sir Cliff Richard good friends of the late television presenter. It is a free flowering shrub bearing clusters of semi-single bright red blooms with hints of yellow at their centre. Foliage is dark and glossy and growth tidy. Not to be missed when in full show. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' BEALES UK 1999

‘Joan Beales’ This rose was named for my mother and co-founder of our company and I am happy to have bred it for her.The blooms are a little more than single, deep velvety red with pronounced stamens and a rich fragrance. Dark foliage is healthy with purple tinted young growth. A beautiful rose.
0.9 x 0.9 m 3 x 3' BEALES UK 2004

‘John Cabot’ Rosa kordesii in the make up of this rose shows itself in the disposition of this cultivar. Clusters of deep pink, double, fragrant blooms that open to display prominent anthers are borne in clusters. Foliage is plentiful and light green. Repeat flowering and tolerant of more difficult situations.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Canada 1978

‘Joseph’s Coat’ Loosely double, open blooms are a mixture of bright colours, largely deep orange and yellow with tinges of strawberry red. They are carried in trusses on a thorny, upright stems with light green glossy leaves. Repeat to continuous flowering.
2 x 1.2m 7 x 4' ARMSTRONG & SWIM USA 1964

‘Karl Förster’ A cross between a Pimpinellifolia and a Hybrid Perpetual resulted in this rose. Large double, white, scented flowers borne amid ample, rather wrinkled light green foliage. Repeat flowering and tolerant of shade and poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' KORDES Germany 1931

‘Kassel’ Double but not over full blooms are bright scarlet and borne in groups. Dark glossy foliage is stron on upright and healthy growth. Continuous flowering and tolerant of poorer soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' KORDES Germany 1957.



Louise Clements‘Kitty’s Rose’ A free-flowering shorter shrub rose with many uses in the garden although perhaps best if planted in small groups. Double blooms are scented, soft pink with salmon highlights. Upright and bushy with good foliage. Continuous flowering.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' BEALES UK 2003

‘La Sevillana’ Semi-double flowers of un-fading bright vermillion red are borne in clusters. Growth is vigorous and bushy. A good candidate for a brightly coloured hedge and free flowering over a long season.
1.2 x 1.5m 4 x 5' MEILLAND France 1982

‘Lichtkönigin Lucia’ This is an excellent shrub rose. Double, very bright yellow, scented blooms in trusses. Well clothed in healthy, glossy foliage. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' KORDES Germany 1966

‘Louise Clements’ Old fashioned fully double flowers are unusual in colour, very vivid copper orange and sweetly perfumed. The shrub is tidy and upright with bronze green foliage. Continuous flowering. Named by the breeder for his wife.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' CLEMENTS USA 1998

‘Lyda Rose’ A seedling of the rambler Francis E. Lester, this is obvious in it’s bloom, being slightly larger white and pink edged. They appear in abundance over a long season throughout the summer. Foilage dark and healthy.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x4’ LETTUNICH USA 1994

‘Macmillan Nurse’ An superb little shrub rose with large old-fashioned rosette style blooms, centre petals in-furling to hide the stamens below them. They are white occasionally flushed peach and borne in upward clusters .They are subtly scented and appear continuously throughout the summer against dark green foliage. An excellent choice for a pot or even bedding.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' BEALES UK 1998

‘Marguerite Hilling’ A pink sport of the ‘Nevada’, with whom it shares many characteristics (see Nevada below).
2.5 x 2m 8 x 7’ HILLING UK 1959

‘Master Hugh’ A seedling of Rosa macrophylla. Bright rose-pink flowers single blooms followed by very large, orange flagon-shaped hips in the autumn on a very vigorous plant. Flowers early in the year and is hardy, tough enough to cope with gloomy situations and with poor soils.
4.5 x 2.5m 15 x 8' L.M.MASON UK 1966

‘Mountbatten’ Another good yellow shrub rose. Large clusters of double, rich golden yellow blooms with a moderate scent amid healthy glossy foliage. Continuous flowering and able to cope in soil that is lacking. Also good for cutting to arrange indoors.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ HARKNESS UK 1952



Mountbatten‘Nevada’ (Reputedly of Moyesii origin) A large shrub which at its best in May and June is resplendent in single blooms of ivory white. Arching branches of maroonish brown wood are well dressed in attractive mid to dark green leaves. A beautiful rose which, after its main flush will go on to produce the odd bloom throughout the following months.
2.5 x 2m 8 x 7' DOT Spain 1927

‘Nymphenburg’ A vigorous salmon-pink shrub or pillar rose of an upright habit. The double blooms are inclined to be loose have a fine scent and are of ample to large proportion, born in clusters. Glossy foliage and free flowering. A good choice for a hedging variety. Continuous flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' KORDES Germany 1954

‘Paws’ The blooms of this rose are large, rich mid pink with salmon and apricot shades at the base of each flower. They are very highly scented. Short growing and bushy. Probably best if grown in mixed plantings but could be grown in a tub. Continuous flowering. Named for the RSPCA.
0.75 x 0.6m 21/2 x 2' BEALES UK 1999

‘Pearl Drift’ Semi-double, saucer like flowers are white tinged with pink. They are borne in cluster above darkish glossy foliage. Upright but broad in habit. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4' LEGRICE UK 1980

‘Peter Beales’ Named for my father by it’s breeder in Oregon USA. The flowers, are carried held in small trusses, they are single, bright crimson red with pronounced yellow centres and bold stamens. Leaves are mid green and ample on a shorter growing bushy shrub. Very free flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' CLEMENTS USA 2000

‘Raymond Carver’ A wonderful tall, floriferous shrub. Soft amber coloured, moderately fragrant flowers are fully double, old fashioned in appearance and are borne at the ends of strong stems. Well foliated with glossy dark, coppery-green, healthy foliage. Can also be used as a small pillar rose. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' HORNER UK 1999

‘Red Wing’ Like its parent, Rosa omiensis pteracantha, this rose has large wedge shaped thorns all along the length of it’s branches. With low sun light behind these glow like rubies. Single yellow flowers and fern like foliage.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’. RAISER AND ORIGIN NOT KNOWN

‘Roundelay’ An excellent rose. Upright in growth, a floriferous rose with trusses of cardinal red flowers. They are medium to large in size, double, opening flat and in so doing displaying yellow anthers. A good perfume can be detected by most people. Very healthy.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' SWIM USA 1953

‘Rose Ball’ This really is an excellent rose. Soft pink globular double flowers are borne in large clusters on a bushy upright plant with dark green foliage, heavily flushed purple especially when young. Very good if grown in groups of three. Blooms especially good in late summer when other roses are teking a break. Deliciously fragrant.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BEALES UK 2002



Sally Holmes‘Sadler’s Wells’ This is a superb shrub rose. The semi-double, open flowers are produced in trusses on a vigorous plant. Silvery-pink but each petal is laced with cherry red towards their edges. The autumn flowers are particularly good when the enriched colouring seems almost impervious to inclement weather. Slightly scented. Repeat to continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BEALES UK 1983

‘Sally Holmes’ A floribunda-like shrub with upright growth and good foliage. Single flowers of very pale pink to white sometimes with the odd peachy tint, borne in large clusters. An upright yet broad shrub with repeating flowering habit.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' HOLMES UK 1976

‘Sealing Wax’ Large, deep pink flowers on a vigorous plant. Good berries. Foliage rounded and glossy on an arching plant. Summer flowering.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY UK 1938

‘St. Ethelburga’ A highly scented soft pink rose in the old fashioned style. Healthy and vigorous. Introduced for the London Church of St Ethelburga, at the time of it’s re-opening having been all but ruined by a bomb. Now a centre for Reconciliation and Peace. A healthy and strong growing rose that can be used as a climber if given support. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BEALES UK 2003

‘Tall Story’ Shapely buds open to semi-double, soft yellow flowers that are of average to small proportion. Borne in trusses over a long season on a well foliated, open plant.
0.6 x 1.2m 2 x 4' DICKSON UK 1984

‘Westerland’ Bright apricot-orange large and fully double flowers are delightfully scented. Good, glossy foliage on a strong upright growing shrub. Although bright the colour is not garish and this rose would work well in a mixed shrubbery or even as a small pillar rose. Continuous blooming.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' KORDES Germany 1969

‘William and Mary’ Fully double blooms in the old-fashioned style are deep pink and exude a lovely perfume. Foliage is on the greyish side of green. Upright and fairly tidy in growth. Only once flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ BEALES UK 1988

‘William Baffin’ One of the Explorer roses form Canada. Clusters of large, open semi-double cerise pink blooms on a vigorous, open growing shrub with abundant, glossy, mid to dark green foliage. Very hardy. Flowers abundantly over a long season.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Canada 1983

‘Yesterday’ A low growing , dense, bushy shrub with masses of shiny leaves on long stems, bearing clusters of tiny rose red to lavender mauve, semi-double flowers. Good for cutting when an arrangement requires a frothy mass of bloom. A good little all rounder that has many uses in the garden, even in a planter. Continuous flowering and shade tolerant.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' HARKNESS UK 1974
 

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Moss Roses
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The Moss roses are really just Centifolias with a moss like growth to the stems and buds, probably first occurring as a chance mutation. The moss, or rather glands that resemble moss can be anything from a soft downy almost fur like covering to just lots of tiny prickles. Generally the moss is scented with a balsam like fragrance that is most appreciated upon touch. As with the Centifolias most of the Moss roses have large full flowers in shades of white through blush to rose pink and deep red.

As something of a novelty in Victorian times the Moss roses were bred in abundance. Somewhere between 30 and 40 different varieties were then available. Today we still have quite a collection available to us and amongst them are some interesting and garden worthy varieties.



Alfred de Dalmas‘Alfred de Dalmas’ (‘Mousseline’). Clusters of medium sized, cupped, creamy white to blush, semi-double flowers have a strong scent. Unusually for a moss they are freely produced over a long season. Very pretty. Probably related to The Portlands.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' PORTEMER France 1855

‘A Longues Pédoncules’ Double, soft lilac-pink flowers are borne on well mossed arching stems. Ample, light greyish-green foliage is a lovely foil for the blooms. Tolerates shade and poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' ROBERT France 1845

‘Baron de Wassenaer’ Has similarities to the well known Moss ‘William Lobb’ although the flowers are more red to crimson. They are fully double, cupped flowers and well perfumed. Good coverage of moss on stems and buds. Summer flowering.
2 x 1.2 m 7 x 4' VERDIER France 1854

‘Blanche Moreau’ Very beautiful full flowers, sometimes with a quartered style, are pure white and perfumed. Summer flowering with maroon moss covered buds. Can be prone to mildew sadly.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' MOREAU-ROBERT France 1880

‘Capitaine Basroger’ An upright Moss rose. From globular buds appear scented flowers of bright, deep pink to red. These will sometimes appear in a second flush at the end of summer. Best if given support in the form of a frame or against a wall.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' MOREAU-ROBERT France 1890

‘Capitaine John Ingram’ One of the most attractive of the Moss roses. Colour varies with the the intensity of the sun from dark crimson to purple. Very strongly scented. Moss is often tinged with russet red. Can cope with poor soil reasonably well. Summer flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' LAFFAY France 1856

‘Célina’ Buds fairly well covered in moss but stems less so. Blooms of cerise to crimson have lavender and occasional white shadings open flat to display bright yellow pollen laden stamens. Summer flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' HARDY France 1855

‘Chapeau de Napoléon’ (‘Crested Moss’, ‘Cristata’) Surely the most well known of all the Moss roses. Fully double, cabbage-like, deep silvery-pink flowers which are well scented. The buds are covered in an interesting formation of moss resembling the shape of a cocked hat, hence its name. This is a good rose of value in the garden where it will become a talking point. Summer flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' VIBERT France 1826



Chapeau de Napoléon‘Common Moss’ (‘Old Pink Moss’, ‘Communis’). A well loved rose of clear pink with an outstandingly strong perfume. As a shrub it is relatively tidy and manageable. Will lend itself to cutting for flower arranging. Summer flowering and copes with poorer soils.
1..2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' Pre 1700

‘Comtesse de Murinais’ The moss of this rose is richly perfumed of balsam especially when touched and in hot weather. Clear pink double flowers open flat and are sweetly scented. Summer flowering. Benefits from support. Summer flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' ROBERT France 1843

‘Crimson Globe’ Globular flowers of dark crimson red. Stems well mossed on an average sized shrub. In his book Classic Roses my father is quoted as saying ‘Sounds rather more like a vegetable than a rose and frankly I sometimes wonder if it is’. Maybe a little unkind dad? However there are better Moss roses. Summer Flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' W PAUL uk 1890

‘Deuil de Paul Fontaine’ Very dark flowers in various shades of deep red, purple and maroon are highly scented and quartered. Growth vigorous but very thorny and foliage is a little course. Makes a useful shorter hedge. Often produces a small second flush of bloom.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' FONTAINE France 1873

‘Dresden Doll’ Described by some as a miniature rose for indeed it is small. Buds are mossy and pointed from which semi-double, fragrant and soft pink flowers emerge. A most useful little rose which is pretty if grown in a pot. Will create a low boundary hedge, perhaps at the edge of a path. Continuous flowering.
0.3 x 0.3m 1 x 1' MOORE USA 1975

‘Duchesse de Verneuil’ Bright pink, bordering salmon, double flowers from well mossed buds. An excellent rose well foliated with bright green leaves. Summer flowering. A useful hedging variety. Tolerant of less favourable conditions.
1.5 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ PORTEMER France 1856



Dresden Doll‘Eugénie Guinoisseau’ The colours of the blooms of this rose are a mixture of deep pinks, violets purples and even grey overtones with a paler reverse to the petals. Best given support in the garden as it is quite tall and can be a little floppy. Scented. Leaves are a mattish green with darker coloured moss. Sometimes produces flowers later in the season.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' GUINOISSEAU France 1864

‘Général Kléber’ One of the best Moss roses. Quite beautiful double flowers of clear soft pinky-lilac with a strong scent. Plentiful bright green foliage. Ample lush moss replaces thorns. A neatly proportioned shrub useful for hedging, can be grown in a pot or in the mixed shrubbery and will tolerate poor soil.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ ROBERT France 1856

‘Goethe’ The only truly single flowered Moss still with us today as opposed to Victorian times when there were several . Rich magenta pink with bright yellow coronet of stamens. Dark green foliage has a bluish tinge with young shoots tainted -red. Vigorous and inclined to be arching. Summer Flowering.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' P. LAMBERT Germany 1911

‘Golden Moss’ The only yellow Moss. Flowers are cupped and fragrant. A little shy and therefore probably more for the true collector than worthiness in every garden. Summer Flowering.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3' DOT Spain 1932

‘Henri Martin’ A fairly well known rose. Clusters of semi-double flowers of bright crimson on sparsely mossed, long arching stems. Flowers en-masse in mid summer with occasional repeats.
5 x 4' P. (R) 1864

‘Hunslet Moss’ A strong fragrance exudes from the large, full, deep pink blooms of this rose. This is certainly one of the earliest English Moss roses. Propagated from an old plant known to have been grown by the late Humphrey Brook's ancestors for several generations. Well mossed. A versatile rose that will grow happily in a tub but also works well as hedging. Summer flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Re-introduced BEALES UK 1984

‘James Mitchell’ An excellent tidy shrub rose with neat rounded flowers, very double opening flat, soft but none the less rich pink. with a very strong scent. Makes a useful dense hedge even if only flowering once.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' VERDIER France 1861.



Golden Moss‘James Veitch’ An interesting, short growing Moss rose. Magenta purple in colour with slate grey undertones, especially as they mature, often with reflexing petals. Golden anthers are well displayed when the flowers are fully open. Can be sadly rather prone to mildew. Probably related to the Portland Damasks.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' VERDIER France 1865

‘Jeanne de Montfort’ One of the taller Moss roses with an arching habit that benefits from support, can also make a useful climber. Flowers are clear pink and buds heavily mossed. Both the flowers and moss are well scented.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ ROBERT France c.1851

‘Laneii’ (Lane’s Moss’) Heavily mossed, double, deep pink to crimson flowers open cupped but end up flat and sometimes reflexed with a central green eye. Strong scent. Free flowering on a strong plant. Just one flush of flowers with rare repeats. Will grow in a tub.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LAFFAY France 1854

‘Little Gem’ A useful smaller Moss rose with rounded flowers of bright deep pink to soft red borne in clusters. Well dressed in moss and smallish medium green leaves. Bushy compact growth, good in a tub. The first flush of flowers is always the best but does repeat.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' W. PAUL UK 1880

‘Louis Gimard’ Flowers are rich pink to lilac, deeper at their centres with many petals opening flat. Fragrant. Dark green foliage and coarse moss that is tinged red. Summer flowering. Not a bad choice for hedges.
1.5 x 1.9m. 5 x 3' PERNET PÈRE France 1877

‘Mme. de La Roche-Lambert’ Globular flowers of deep purple-red hold their colour well. Well mossed that is tinged purple. A useful rose of good proportion that repeat flowers in the autumn. Scented.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' ROBERT France 1851

‘Mme. Louis Lévêque’ Soft ‘tissue paper’ petals of soft to bright pink which at their best are truly wonderful and delightfully fragrant. They are full and well formed. Foliage is dark and abundant, well mossed stems. A excellent rose producing a repeat flush of flowers in the autumn.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LÉVÊQUE France 1898

‘Maréchal Davoust’ Mauve-pink, very double sometimes displaying a small green eye at the centre. Well clothed in bright grey green foliage and is heavily covered in red tinted moss. Free flowering. Tidy enough to grow in a tub. Summer flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' ROBERT France 1853

‘Marie de Blois’ Flowers are held in clusters of varing size are bright bright pink and heavily scented. Stems are well covered with reddish moss and bright green leaves. A free flowering repeat performing rose.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4 ROBERT France 1852



Maréchal Davoust‘Mousseux du Japon’ (‘Japonica’) More open and less petalled than many of the Moss roses, but one of the most heavily mossed. Deep rose pink with lilac highlights in colour, vigorous but can be slow to get going when first planted.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Origin unknown.

‘Mrs William Paul’ Nicely mossed buds on short stems opening to bright pink flowers with red shadings. Quite vigorous but reaining bushy, therefore a good candidate for a hedge. A useful but little knownrepeat flowering Moss.
1.2 x 0.9m 3 x 3' W. PAUL UK 1869

‘Nuits de Young’ (‘Old Black’) A compact, yet vigorous plant with small dark leaves and small double blooms of very dark,velvety maroon, almost purple emphasised by gold stamens. Borne in clusters. A very attractive and fragrant rose. Summer Flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Laffay France 1845

‘Pélisson’ (Monsieur Pélisson’) Deep pink to crimson, double flowers turning to purple as they mature. A vigorous but short plant with coarse leaves. Summer Flowering, sometimes an odd repeat. Good candidate for a pot.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' VIBERT France 1848

‘Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux’(‘Perpetual White Moss’) From well mossed buds appear fully double, white scented flowers. Repeat flowering and tolerant of poor soils.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' An old variety. Date and origin Unknown.

‘René d'Anjou’ This beautiful rose is a charming shade of soft pink with a lovely perfume not too vigorous and ideal for the smaller garden. Young foliage and moss tinged with copper. Useful in a tub. Summer Flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' ROBERT France 1853

‘Robert Léopold’ An unusual rose. Well mossed buds open to shapely double flowers of salmon to pinkish-apricot on strong upright stems. Well foliated with somewhat coarse foliage. Summer Flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BUATOIS France 1941

Rosa centifolia muscosa As Rosa centifolia (see page) above, but with buds and stems heavily mossed.


6 x 5' Check dates sizes etc
‘Salet’ (Moss) Very fragrant. Reliable, repeat flowering clear pink and well mossed. Leaves bright green but moss is not considerable. Benefits from repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' LACHARME France 1854



Shailer's White Moss‘Shailer's White Moss’ (White form of Rosa centifolia muscosa, also known as “White Bath”). Whether or not this is the true white form of Rosa centifolia muscosa is disputable. A profusely mossed, pure white and somewhat quartered, fragrant variety. Well worth a place in the garden. Summer flowering. Tolerates poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' SHAILER UK 1788

‘Souvenir de Pierre Vibert’ Fully double, large, dark red shaded carmine and violet blooms are sometimes recurrent. A somewhat lax plant with coarse foliage. None the less attractive. Summer Flowering.
1.5 x 1.2m 4 x 3' MOREAU-ROBERT France 1867

‘William Lobb’ (‘Old Velvet Moss’). To my mind the master of the Moss roses, being among the most statuesque (though benefiting from support) and one of the most handsomely coloured. Heavily mossed buds opening to large purple-magenta blooms in clusters.
8 x 5' P (S) 1855
 

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Piminellifolias
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Also known as The Burnett Roses or Scotch Briars.

This is a fascinating little group of roses, also referred to as the Scotch Briars or the Burnett Roses. Those most true to type have many small fern like leaves and dainty flowers, often quite early on. Later in the season when the tiny leaves are adorning shades of claret and russet the blooms are followed by masses of plump, almost round marble sized hips of mahogany brown verging on black. They remain healthy throughout the season and all tend to be rather prickly!

Those more hybrid than the Scotch Briars very often do not share the same habits or styles but by and large have inherited health from their Pimpinellifolia ancestry.



Burnet Double White‘Burnet Double White’ “Scotch Rose.” Early flowers are carried abundantly along the length of the arching chestnut coloured stems that are also well clothes in masses of fern like leaves. Small, round, blackish hips in late autumn. Early flowering. Can be grown in a tub, useful as a shorter early flowering hedge or as part of the shrubbery.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' An old rose pre 1650

‘Burnet Double Pink’ Small double mid pink blooms appear early in the summer along the lengths of arching branches with needle sharp thorns. Mahogany coloured round hips in abundanvce in the autumn. Fern like foliage.There are also similar clones of this rose in the form of ‘Burnett Irish Marbled’, ‘Double Marbled Pink’ and others. All are early flowering, set hips and will tolerate gloomy areas in the garden and poorer soils.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' 17th century

‘Falkland’ Fully double, very soft-pink blooms are borne in profusion on a compact, tidy plant with small, fern-like leaves. An old variety although its origins can not be pin-pointed it is believed to have evolved in the UK. Good hips later in the season.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3'

‘Frühlingsanfang’ A wonderful, large flowered, single, ivory white variety with a prominent coronet of golden anthers. Dark foliage is healthy. Although only once flowering it sets hips in the autumn. Can cope with difficult situations Scented. Very vigorous.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6' KORDES Germany 1950



Frühlingsduft‘Frühlingsgold’ Large, slightly more than single, golden-yellow flowers with obvious stamens are borne on a thorny, tall and vigorous plant. Can be quite stunning in full bloom but rarely produces flowers after. Fairly early to flower.
2 x 1.5m 7 x 5' KORDES Germany 1937

‘Frühlingsduft’. Blooms that are double, soft lemon and flushed with pink are highly scented. Abundant, mid-green foliage. A very strong growing rose that does well against a wall. Thorny and content even in poor soil and gloomy situations. Early flowering.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ KORDES Germany 1949

‘Frühlingsmorgen’ Average sized single flowers of cherry pink with light yellow centres.Fantastic in full flush with intermittent blooms thereafter. A healthy strong rose suiting an area towards the back of the mixed shrubbery.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4' KORDES Germany 1942

‘Frühlingszauber’ Almost single flowers of silvery-pink are scented and set against ample, somewhat crinkly dark green foliage. A strong growing thorny rose. Earlier blooming than most.
2 x 1.5m 7 x 5’ KORDES Germany 1942

‘Golden Wings’ A well known variety. Large, single clear yellow, cupped flowers on a neat plant. Although it flowers on and off throughout the summer, it also has the capability of producing hips.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' SHEPHERD USA 1956



Mary Queen of Scots‘Glory of Edzell’ A delicate looking little rose but in reality quite tough. Blooms are single of clear pink but paler towards their centres. Fine fern like foliage on Upright but dense growth.Early blooming it tolerates shade and poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Unknown date or raiser

‘Mary Queen of Scots’ Single blooms are off-white with lilac undertones and purplish markings around the edges of petals and also at their base. Pronounced yellow anthers. Black-maroon fruit follow the blooms in autumn. Flowers early.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' A very old variety

‘Mrs.Colville’ A fascinating little shrub with single, purple to crimson blooms with a white eye, the white are sometimes obliterated by the prominent anthers. Growth has a reddish tinge and is the case with majority this variety sets good hips and is early flowering. Origin unknown but it is thought to be a cross between Rosa pimpinellifolia and Rosa pendulina.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ Date unknown

‘Old Yellow Scotch’ Small, quite double, non-fading golden-yellow flowers are borne along the length of the stems on a thorny but neat and tidy shrub. They appear early mid masses of fern like growth. Early flowering.
P. G. H. (S) 4 x 3' A very old variety



Stanwell Perpetual‘Ormiston Roy’ Large bright, un-fading yellow flowers on a vigorous bush with plentiful, mid-green, fern-like foliage. Would make a good impenetrable hedge. Early flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' DOORENBOS Holland 1953

‘Single Cherry’ Quite a stunning little rose when in full bloom. Tidy growth with medium sized single, cherry-red flowers and bold stamens, followed by round, purple to black hips. One of the most eye-catching of this group. Suits being grown in a tub. Date unknown.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3'

‘Stanwell Perpetual’ A prickly, arching shrub which blooms all summer with plentiful medium-sized blush pink to white flowers. Double and very fragrant. Repeat flowering. A hybrid Pimpinellifolia. Very hardy.
4 x 4' LEE UK 1838

‘William III’ Raspberry pink semi-double flowers tend to fade with age. Very floriferous early in the season and equally good hips. Dark delicate leaflets are abundant.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ Date and Raiser unknown
 

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Polyanthas
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These little roses have some excellent qualities and were very popular in the early 1900’s really only losing favour when the larger flowered Floribundas came onto the scene. They have mainly uses in their own dainty way, useful as bedding or underplanting larger roses or shrubs or as specimen plants in tubs.

In growth these roses are all very similar, generally short and bushy so I have not laboured on those points in the following descriptions.

All the Polyanthas benefit from regular dead-heading to perpetuate further flowers. This should take the form of the removal of the whole spent bract down to a clean leaf joint below and not the removal of the dead flowers individually.



Baby Faurax‘Anna-Maria de Montravel’ The small flowers of this little rose are borne in clusters they are semi-double and white and emit a slight fragrance. Mid green foliage clothes the bush well. Growth is bushy and dense. Continuous flowering and tolerant of shade, a good all round little rose.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ RAMBAUD France 1880

‘Baby Faurax’ Generously sized clusters of small violet purple double flowers, sometimes with occasional white streaks on a compact bushy plant. Foliage is small and abundant. Continuous flowering.
0.3 x 0.3m 1 x 1' LILLE France 1924

‘Cameo’ Large clusters small, cupped, semi-double flowers of soft salmon pink deepening slightly with age when they can become a little blotchy. Growth dense and tidy.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' DE RUITER Holland 1932

‘Gloria Mundi’ Trusses of medium size of orange to scarlet, semi-double flowers on a compact bush. Continuous to repeat flowering.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' DE RUITER Holland 1929

‘Golden Salmon Superior’ Large clusters of small, semi-double, rich bright scarlet to orange flowers produced in profusion all summer.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' DE RUITER Holland 1926

‘Katharina Zeimet’ (‘White Baby Rambler’) Spaced out clusters of pure white flowers on a stocky plant, ith angular twiggy growth clothed in bright green, glossy foliage.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' P LAMBERT Germany 1901



The Fairy‘Margo Koster’ Clusters of cupped salmon pink flowers in great profusion over a long period. Dark green foliage. Shade tolerant and an ideal choice for a planter.
0.3 x 0.3m 1 x 1' KOSTER Holland 1931

‘Marie-Jeanne’ Pale blush tocream flowers in fluffy trusses. Relatively free of thorns. An excellent little rose that would make a good specimen for a tub.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' TURBAT France 1913

‘Miss Edith Cavell’ Large clusters of small, semi-double, scarlet-crimson occasionally flecked white flowers amid dark foliage. Rediscovered in the garden of Mrs Doris Levine of Brundall, Norfolk after an appeal in the local newspaper in 1985.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' DE RUITER Holland 1917

‘The Fairy’ A superb and well known variety that tends to grow taller than it does broad, therefore an ideal choice for massed, ground cover planting or for growing in a tall planter where it can cascade around the edges. Clusters of globular, soft pink almost continuously throughout the summer. Good foliage.
0.6 1.2m 2 x 4' BENTALL UK 1932

‘White Pet’ A short growing rose producing huge trusses of pure white pompon-like blooms emerge from tiny pink buds and appear throughout the summer. Good in a pot or in groups of three or more.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2' P. HENDERSON USA 1879

‘Yvonne Rabier’ Clusters of small double white flowers with hints of lemon in the base of each flower and visible anthers. Glossy rich green foliage. Free flowering and good in the autumn.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' TURBAT France 1910
 

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Portland Damasks
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This is not a large group at all but within it are some excellent very garden worthy roses. Some of the shorter varieties repeat flower excellently and pleasure the senses with their expensive perfume. They are all neat and tidy making them ideal subjects for growing in a pot, even the larger ones. Equally they work well when employed as hedging, where a uniform boundary line is required. Dot them amongst other plants in the shrubbery or consider them for group planting. This is really a group within a group for technically they belong to the Damasks.



Comte de Chambord‘Arthur de Sansal’ This is a beautiful short growing Portland with fully double, rosette styled blooms of rich purple-crimson. Highly scented and repeat flowering. Handsome foliage is sadly often marred by mildew.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' CARTIER France 1855

‘Blanc de Vibert’ Delightful, double cupped white, flowers open flat and and are highly scented. Can be a bit temperamental and does not enjoy wet weather. Tidy upright growth. Repeat flowering.
0,9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' VIBERT France 1847

‘Comte de Chambord’ An outstanding rose. Growth is vigorous and erect clothed in large matt grey green leaves. Blooms, often large for the size of the plant are full, many petalled soft rose pink with lilac overtones. Very fragrant indeed. Also most versatile in the garden, happy in a pot or in mixed or group planting. Floriferous over a long season and tolerant of most garden situations.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' MOREAU-ROBERT France 1860

‘Duchess of Portland’ (“The Portland Rose”). Most Portlands can be traced back to this rose in one way or another. A fantastic sight when blooming en-masse. Clear cerise red, single with bold golden anthers often seen dusted in pollen. A tidy plant that benefits from dead-heading to encourage further blooms.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2' Italy 1790

‘Indigo’ Upright in habit, this Portland produces large purple red, fully double, fragrant flowers throughout the summer, although the colour does differ in different soils and various sun and shade factors. Rich green abundant foliage. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.6 3 x 2' LAFFAY France c.1830



Marbrée‘Jacques Cartiér’ Another extremely good merit worthy rose. Full, flat flowers of clear pink with a strong scent. The mass of petals gives the flowers an appearance of being almost frilled. An excellent old variety with tidy growth and strong dark foliage. Particularly good when grouped in threes or more but also an excellent specimen in a tub. Repeat flowering and tolerant of most situations.
0.9 x 0.6m 3' x 2' MOREAU-ROBERT France 1868

‘Marbrée’ A full, sizeable rose of clear, rose pink, marbled white. Surprisingly for a Portland it has very little fragrance. Tends to be taller than most in this range with dark green foliage. Tolerant of poor soil and a useful hedging variety. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m. 4 x 3' ROBERT AND MOREAU France 1858

‘Pergolèse’ A lesser known Portland that should be better known. Small to medium sized flowers of rich purple-crimson, sometimes paling to soft lilac-mauve. They are borne in clusters on a plant that is well clothed in dark foliage. Repeat flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' MOREAU France 1860

‘Rose de Rescht’ This variety is excellent in the autumn when other roses have passed of their best. Fuschia-red with purple tints. Very double, pompon-like, almost reflexed when fully open and scented. Abundant rich green foliage. Date unknown but very old. Extremely good in a tub.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2'

‘Rose du Roi’ (Lee’s Crimson Perpetual’) Large, semi-double flowers of red with tinges of violet and purple, quite loosely formed and highly perfumed. Can be prone to mildew but otherwise the foliage is good, individual leaves smaller than some. Can be a little lax in growth habit. Repeat flowering. Sometimes listed as a Hybrid Perpetual.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3' LELIEUR France 1815

‘Rose du Roi à Fleurs Pourpres’ (‘Roi des Pourpres’, ‘Mogador’) Reddish violet blooms are fully double with the petals in a swirling pattern. Highly scented. Purported to be a sport from “Rose du Roi”. Very beautiful, but sometimes rather open in it’s growth. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3 1819
 

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Procumbent Roses
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These are not easy to prune because of their very dense growth habit, with masses of twiggy branches, it is difficult to see where to start. Some careful attention may be needed in certain areas especially if there is much die-back but after that I would be inclined to use a pair of shears or a hedge trimmer. The disadvantage of using such devices is that there may be some breakage to the twigs that will inevitably cause some die back. However these roses are usually vigorous enough that they will quickly cover this with fresh growth from below. Very often these roses require little pruning at all unless of course they have strayed too far into areas they should not be inhabiting.
 

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Rugosas
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This group of roses are really as utilitarian as they are attractive. By and large they are extremely thorny, with many densely packed spines rather than wedge shaped thorns. Their foliage tends to be leathery, heavily veined and healthy, in fact the dictionary definition of the word ‘rugose’ is ‘creased with creases, wrinkles or ridges’. Several have the capability to produce hips on mass in the autumn, often huge tomato sized fruits whilst simultaneously the foliage changes to take on the russet and yellow shades of autumn. All these attributes combined mean that the Rugosas are diverse in use. They make superb attractive hedges as their dense and thorny disposition creates an excellent deterrent even to the most determined intruder. As specimen plants they are useful too, providing near all year round cover and of course the birds love the fleshy hips when frost makes it difficult to find other forms of food.



Agnes‘Agnes’ This is a hybrid Rugosa with Rosa foetida persiana in it’s parentage which shows through in it’s colouring, being a petty and delicate shade of amber to yellow. The blooms are fully double and scented. Foliage is leathery and heavily veined in a typical Rugosa manner but are somewhat smaller than most. Well armed with nasty prickles. Has an excellent first flush of flowers and thereafter repeats intermittently. Rose shows its parentage in its dark green Rugosa-type leaves and finely prickled stems. Sometimes sets hips. I like this rose very much.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5' SAUNDERS CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL FARM Canada 1922

‘Alexander McKenzie’ Fully double, crimson scarlet flowers on a bushy plant, with good foliage. Scented. An extremely hardy rose tolerant of most garden situations. Makes a good hedge. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' Canada 1950’s

‘Belle Poitevine’ An excellent rose with deep magenta pink, double, scented flowers. Typical Rugosa foliage clothes the thorny branches densely. Repeat flowering and tolerant of poor soils. Does not always set hips.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5' BRUANT France 1894

‘Blanc Double de Coubert’ Beautiful, pure white, semi-double blooms are made up of, almost tissue paper like blooms and emit a very strong scent. Foliage is typical of this group being heavily veined and leathery. Very free flowering over a long season. Tolerates poor soil and shade with success. Only sets hips intermittently.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ COCHET – COCHET France 1892

‘Carmen’ This rose should be better known.Very beautiful, small single flowers of velvety red with a bold coronet of golden stamens. Scented. Dark green foliage. Tidy and bushy growth. A nice subject for a pot or in the garden will tolerate poor soils and shade. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' LAMBERT Germany 1907

‘Conrad F. Meyer’ A very large and robust shrub with thick leathery foliage and spiteful thorns. vigorous rose with a superb fragrance. Large, cupped, full-bodied flowers of silvery-pink and highly perfumed. Given the support of a wall this rose makes a good climber. Sadly can be a martyr to rust later in the season. Repeat flowering.
3 x 2.5m 10 x 8' MÜLLER Germany 1899



Fimbriata‘Dr. Eckener’ Saucer sized semi-double, cupped flowers of pale yellow and copper-pink. With age the pink becomes pre-dominant. Highly scented. Another Rugosa hybrid of large stature that can be grown as a climber with support. Would make an excellent screen if grown against trellis. Tolerant of shade and poor soil. Repeat flowering.
3 x 2.5m 10 x 8' BERGER Germany 1931

‘Fimbriata’ Very fragrant clusters of carnation-like, fimbriated flowers of soft pink to blush with whiter shadings. Bushy and upright in habit. Rich, light green foliage. Repeat to continuous flowering over a long period.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4' MORLET France 1891

‘F. J. Grootendorst’ Clusters of small flowers of magenta crimson with frilled edges, on a bushy plant with good foliage. Flowers continuously.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' DE GOEY Holland 1918.

‘Fru Dagmar Hastrup’ Very popular with local authorities who use it much in municipal planting. A very versatile rose that is continuous flowering, sets large tomato like hips and also changes colour in the autumn. Beautiful, clear rose pink, single blooms. Tolerant of poorer soil and shade.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4' HASTRUP Germany 1914

‘Hansa’ Large, full, reddish-violet blooms. Highly scented with a clove like perfume. Large red fruit. Very hardy and will cope with poor soil well. Foliage is dark and glossy. One of the best all round Rugosas. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' SCHAUM AND VAN TOL Holland 1905

‘Hunter’ Fully double, bright crimson flowers on a rugged, medium-sized plant with glossy dark green foliage. Slight fragrance. A useful rose. Continuous flowering and happy to be grown in most situations.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ MATTOCK UK 1961



Hunter‘Jens Munk’ Double flowers of a lilac pink are fragrant and bear bold stamens at their centres. Strong growth is bushy with plentiful dark, healthy foliage. Repeat flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' DEPARTMENT OF CANADA 1974

‘Lady Curzon’ This rose has Rosa macrantha as a parent which is quite apparent in it’s growth habit, open, arching and lax, also shows it’s Rugosa tendencies with its thorny disposition. Large, single soft rose pink flowers amid dark green foliage. Repeat flowering. A good choice of Rugosa for the wilder garden.
0.9 x 1.8m 3 x 6’ TURNER UK 1901

‘Mme. Georges Bruant’ Loosely formed, semi-double flowers of a creamy-white colour are fragrant and appear repeatedly throughout the summer. Very tough and healthy.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' BRUANT France 1887

‘Marie Bugnet’ Pure white, very fragrant, double flowers are somewhat untidy in their formation. Held in clusters amid an abundance of light green, crinkled foliage, on a bushy, healthy plant. Very hardy.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3' BUGNET USA 1963

‘Martin Frobisher’ Pretty, somewhat delicate in appearance by Rugosa standards. Large, double flowers of soft pink, deeper at the centre. Very fragrant with light green foliage and not too many thorns.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ Department of Agriculture CANADA 1968

‘Mary Manners’ A floriferous, pure white, semi-double Rugosa with plentiful dark foliage. Fairly upright in habit lending to it’s ability to make a good hedge. Can be prone to rust later in the season.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ Leicester Rose Company UK 1970

‘Mrs Anthony Waterer’ The flowers of this variety are possibly the most red of all the Rugosas being semi-double, large and scented. They repeat well and are good in the autumn. A vigorous plant with good foliage. Good for hedging, and able to cope with poorer conditions.
1.2 x 1.5m 4 x 5’ WATERER UK 1898

‘Nova Zembla’ A sport of “Conrad F.Meyer”, with which it shares everything except colour.
1.2 x 1.5m 4 x 5’ MEES UK 1907



Mme. Georges Bruant‘Nyveldt's White’ Pure white wing like petals and a coronet of yellow anthers make up the single flowers. A fine bushy shrub, with conspicuous bright fruit in autumn.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ NYVELDT Holland 1955

‘Parfum de l’Hay’ (‘Rose à Parfum de l’Hay’) Full blooms are carmine red, deepening in hot sun and are highly scented. Foliage is dark and the wood very thorny. Vigorous. Mildew can be a problem in some seasons.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GRAVEREAUX France 1901

‘Pink Grootendorst’ A sport of ‘F.J. Grootendorst’ with which it is identical in all respects but colour. Inclined to red at times.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GROOTENDORST Holland 1923

‘Robusta’ Large, single scarlet flowers with prominent anthers are borne in large trusses on a dense, well foliated, bushy plant. Continuous flowering, quite a stunner. As with most of the Rugosas, a good choice for hedging and tolerant of shade and poor soil.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ KORDES Germany 1979

Rosa rugosa ‘Alba’ Large single white blooms with bright yellow rings of stamens. Later flowers often appear with the huge red hips, a wonderful contrast of colour, especially with the addition of autumn coloured foliage which for the rest of the season is bright green. Origin unknown.
2 x 1.8m 7 x 6’ c.1870

Rosa rugosa ‘Typica’ Deep reddish-carmine flowers are single and produced throughout the summer later followed by round red hips. Foliage typically coarse on dense and bushy growth.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ JAPAN c.1796



Sarah Van Fleet‘Roseraie de l'Hay’ A wonderful shrub bearing large, loose, crimson-purple blooms. They appear in abundance and open from pointed buds to flat slightly blowsy flowers. Strongly scented and continuous. Foliage is usually dark developing amazing autumn colour later on. Sadly rarely sets fruit. An accomodating plant, ideal for hedging.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ COCHET – COCHET France 1901

‘Sarah Van Fleet’ A tidy shrub perpetually producing delightful, semi-double, clear light pink blooms that are very fragrant. Foliage is dark. Rather prone to rust sometimes fairly early in the season.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ VAN FLEET USA 1926

‘Scabrosa’ A very well known rose. Large single blooms, generally in trusses are rich, deep pinkish-mauve, with pronounced often dusty, stamens. Equally large are it’s hips taher like stubby tomatoes with elongated sepals.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ HARKNESS UK introduced 1960

‘Schneezwerg’ (‘Snowdwarf’) Masses of fragrant, semi-double, pure white flowers open flat and somewhat muddled to reveal conspicuous golden yellow stamens. Later flowers appearing on the plant together with scarlet fruit when set. Good foliage on a neat plant. Perpetual flowering and able to endure tough situations. 1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ P.LAMBERT Germany 1912

‘Souvenir de Philémon Cochet’ A sport of ‘Blanc Double de Coubert’ to which it is identical in all respects but colour, Soft blush pink with occasional deeper shades.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ COCHET – COCHET France 1899.

‘Thèrése Bugnet’ Double blooms oopen flat and muddled amid foliage of mid to light green. Very hardy indeed this roses will grow in most situations. The result of interesting parentage.
1.8 x 1.8m 6 x 6’ BUGNET Canada 1950

‘Vanguard’ At first sight one would not believe this was a Rugosa but that is the influence of Rosa wichurana in it’s parentage. A large shrub bearing large, semi-double blooms of bronzy salmon. The individual petals are thick but the flower does exude a good perfume. Large glossy leaves.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ STEVENS USA 1932

‘White Grootendorst’ Sport of “Pink Grootendorst”. To which it is identical in all respects but colour which unsurprisingly is white.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ EDDY USA 1962
 

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Species Roses
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These are basically the pure roses of nature, that is the term my father uses and I like it so much I am sticking to it. By and large they are the fore-runners of all the various different families of roses, the ‘originals’ They are roses that have stood the test of time and have been gathered from the world over. Their purity in birth follows through in purity of growth, generally they are all very healthy. Obviously a diverse bunch, most have quite individual characteristics. Most will bear hips and as they are nearly all just once flowering I make no reference to their flowering season in the individual descriptions unless this is not the case.

Also it is note worthy to remember that as these roses usually come true from seed, there are often several clones available. Most have no individual raiser or introducer, the country or area mentioned is their place of origin. Having said this there are a few that are also sub species, generally two species crossed together in which case I am able to mention an introducer and some more recent discoveries where merit can be given at least to the introducer. There are of course many more than I have mentioned here but I have tried to keep this simple and concentrated on those most prominent and of garden value.

* check with dad that this makes sense


Rosa albaRosa acicularis nipponensis The deep rose pink, single flowers are not huge with prominent stamens at their centres. Growth is generally prickly and in autumn the pear shaped hipsare covered in bristles. Soft grey-green foliage.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ Japan 1894.

Rosa alba (‘White Rose of York’). This is most likely The White Rose of York, though some refer to the variety ‘Maxima’ as being so. Seldom seen in gardens these days but it can occasionally be found growing wild in hedgerows along side the famous Dog Rose of country lanes. Fragrant flowers are pure white and single amid dull greyish green foliage.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ Europe pre 16th century

Rosa altaica A delicate looking shrub with fern like foliage and twiggy growth. Large, single, creamy-white flowers with pronounced rich yellow anthers carried all along the branches in late spring/ early summer. These are followed by plump maroon-purple hips.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ Asia c.1818

Rosa andersonii Strong arching branches bear large single flowers of clear rose pink. Good hips in autumn. A chance hybrid of Rosa canina.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ HILLIER UK 1935

Rosa andrewsii Deep pink to red and cream are semi-double on a dense, well foliated and prickled plant. Odd repeat flowers can sometimes be found in the autumn.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ c.1806

Rosa beggeriana Small white single flowers are arranged in small groups on an upright thorny shrub. Hips in autumn are small and round.
2.5 x 2m 8 x 7’ Central Asia 1869.



Rosa californica ‘Plena’Rosa blanda (‘Hudson’s Bay Rose’, ‘Labrador Rose’) An open lax shrub bearing single, pink flowers and pale, green leaves. Globular red hips. Almost thorn-less.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ N. America 1773

Rosa californica (‘California Wild Rose’) The flowers are single, very delicate pink with pronounced stamens. A vigorous shrub with soft dull grey-green leaves. Plump but oval hips are present in the autumn.
2.5 x 1.2m 8 x 4’ North West America 1878

Rosa californica ‘Plena’ Lilac-pink, semi-double flowers are borne freely on an arching shrub in mid summer. Rounded orange hips.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ Date attributed 1894

Rosa x cantabrigiensis Early blooms are pale yellow produced on a vigorous plant with small but plentiful foliage. Upright. Generally sets good hips.
2 x 1.5m 7 x 5’ CAMBRIDGE BOTANIC GARDENS UK c.1931

Rosa chinensis (Rosa indica ‘Bengal Rose’)Deep pinky red flowers are semi-double although occasionally single. Often small red but insignificant hips will appear in autumn. Flowers appear repeatedly all summer long.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ China

Rosa corymbifera Single flowers of pale pink to white, similar to the common dog rose so often seen in our hedgerows. Foliage is downy-grey. Red, rounded fruit.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ E. Europe and Asia 1838

Rosa x coryana Deep pink flowers in excess of 2" in diameter. Its early flowering character is perhaps its best reason for recommendation.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ CAMBRIDGE BOTANICAL GARDENS UK 1926



Rosa x coryanaRosa davidii Slightly later flowering than many species roses with soft pink flowers, followed by flagon-shaped hips borne all along each arching stem.
3 x 1.5m 10 x 5’ China 1908

Rosa doncasterii (‘Doncasterii) Single flowers of magenta pink. Wood is plum coloured as are the stems to the leaflets which are a dark shade of green.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ E. DONCASTER UK 1930

Rosa x dupontii Early, single, off-white to pink scented flowers with wonderful stamens are produced on a plant of pale green foliage. Good hips in autumn.
2 x 1.2m 7 xs 4’ Europe PRE 1817.

Rosa earldomensis (‘Earldomensis’) Single flowers of rich yellow appear early each summer. Fern like foliage on wood bearing flat thorns that are translucent against a low sun when young.
2 x 2.5m 7 x 5’ PAGE UK 1934

Rosa ecae Small single deep golden yellow blooms on an upright plant. Many small leaves on twiggy growth of warm brown. Likes good husbandry, given this it has the capability to be spectacular.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ Afghanistan 1880

Rosa eglanteria (Rosa rubiginosa, ‘Sweet Briar’, ‘Eglantine Rose’) Not stunningly beautiful but none the less charismatic this is an extremely old rose closely related to Rosa canina, the familiar ‘Dog Rose’ of our native hedgerows. Small flowers are blush pink and single followed by an abundance of hips. Densely thorny and well foliated it is advisable to prune fairly regularly, not only to keep it in check but to encourage plenty of young growth, for it is the youthful growth that is most highly scented.
3.5 x 2.5m 12 x 8’ An extremely ancient rose

Rosa elegantula persetosa (‘Rosa farreri persetosa’ ‘Threepenny Bit Rose’). A wonderful and interesting shrub. Prickly stems hide behind many fer like leaves and along their length are tiny nid to soft pink flowers in early summer. Followed by small orange hips.
1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ China 1914

Rosa fedtschenkoana A very pretty rose though a little shy. Single white flowers amid masses of wonderful soft grey green foliage. Sets hips later but not stunningly so.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ S.E. Europe/Asia 1880.

Rosa foetida (‘Austrian Yellow’) Single flowers on short stems are very rich, eggy yellow. The shrub is vigorous with shiny foliage.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ Asia 16th CENTURY OR EARLIER



Rosa foetida ‘Persiana’'Rosa foetida ‘Bicolor’ (Rosa lutea punicea ‘Austrian Copper’) The single flowers of this rose have reversible appeal being bright vermillion red with yellow undersides to the petals.Can be prone to black spot.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ Asia 16th CENTURY OR EARLIER

Rosa foetida ‘Persiana’ (‘Persian Yellow’) Double yellow, goblet shaped flowers. A thorny plant with dark green leaves and brownish wood. 1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ S.W. Asia 1837

Rosa foliolosa Bright pink flowers borne amid narrow, elongated, bright green leaves. Dense and compact in growth with wonderful autumn colouring to the foliage.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ N. America 1880

Rosa forrestiana Bunches of raspberry red single blooms borne either singly or in small clusters amid mid green abundant foliage. Small hips of red follow the flowers later on.
2 x 2m 7 x7’ W. CHINA 1918

Rosa gallica (‘Rosa rubra’ ‘French Rose’) A very ancient species. Single, scented, clear mid pink flowers on a low growing shrub with upright yet broad habit.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ Europe S.W. Asia of great antiquity

Rosa giraldii Flowers of medium pink borne singly or in small groups on long, arching shoots having thin, sharp prickles. Foliage mid green. The hips are small, roundly oval and bright red in colour.
1.8 x 1.2 6 x 4’ CHINA 1897



Rosa x harisoniiRosa glauca (Rosa rubrifolia) A very well known rose, its main attraction being its foliage which is deep grey green to purple. Flowers are small, single, pink and star shaped followed by polished hips of cherry red.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ Europe 1830

Rosa glauca ‘Carmenetta’ Very similar to Rosa glauca but the flowers are bolder and the foliage a little less colourful. Excellent fruit.
2 x 2m 7 x 7’ Central Experimental Farm Canada 1923

Rosa gymnocarpa Small single pale pink blooms on a plant with plentiful grey green foliage. Graceful growth habit. Small pear shaped hips.
2.5 x 3m 8 x 10’ N. America 1893

Rosa x harisonii (‘Harisons Yellow’) Plentiful small double, bright yellow flowers on a shrub of twiggy growth and fern like foliage. Early flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ USA 1846

Rosa x hemisphaerica Fully double, globular flowers of bright sulphur yellow. Ample grey green foliage.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ S.W. Asia PRE-1625

Rosa x hibernica Single medium sized bright pink flowers with pronounced stamens. And relatively small foliage on a tidy plant. Good globose hips follow in the autumn.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ Templeton IRELAND 1765

Rosa horrida (Rosa biebersteinii) An unusual plant, described by my father as gooseberry like, a very apt comparison. Flowers are borne on the end of stumpy, prickly stems. Small white flowers preceed round bright red fruit.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ Europe and W. Asia 1796

Rosa hugonis Small cupped single, primrose yellow flowers in abundance on a shrub with fern like leaves and arching, graceful habit. Blooms early in the summer.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ China 1899.

Rosa x kochiana The blooms are large lilac pink and single. Light, bright foliage on thorny wood. Good autumn colouring.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ N. America 1869

Rosa macrantha A trailing, ground cover shrub, ideal for banks or trailing over low walls. Small, single flowers of blush-pink paling to creamy-white. Fruit in the autumn.
1.2 x 1.8m 4 x 6’ c.1880



Rosa moyesiiRosa melina A short, dense shrub with large rose pink flowers. Greyish green leaves and plentiful hips.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ N. America 1930

Rosa x micrugosa A thick set thorny shrub. Large single pure white flowers are followed by hairy round bright orange to red hips.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ FOUNDLING AT STRASBOURG BOTANICAL INSTITUTE circa.1905

Rosa x micrugosa alba Similar in growth, if a little more upright than Rosa x micrugosa with large white, single flowers. Repeat flowers throughout the summer.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ DR HURST UK 1910

Rosa moyesii Single blood red flowers are followed in the autumn by attractive pendulous, large and flagon shaped hips. Foliage is also distinctive with individual leaves on the round side.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ W. China discovery 1890 intro 1894

Rosa moyesii ‘Pink Form’ ‘Holodonta’ A pink seedling of Rosa moyesii, and very similar in all respects other than the colour of the flowers which are bright, deep pink.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ China

Rosa multibracteata A late flowering shrub with grey green foliage. The flowers are small pale lilac pink. Growth quite vigorous.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ China 1908

Rosa multiflora ‘Watsoniana’ White flowers small and single, produced in large panicles followed by small red hips. A distinctive species with thin, twiggy growth and long, wavy-edged variegated leaves.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ Japan 1870

Rosa nitida A short shrub with thin twiggy and prickly growth, could well be used for ground cover. Small single blooms in abundance. Early 19th century.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3 ‘ N. America 1807



Rosa x pauliiRosa nutkana A pretty rose. Single blooms of sort pink, slightly deeper at the centre. A n open shrub with strong relatively thornless stems and round fruits in the autumn.
1.8 x 1.2m 6 x 4’ N. America 1876

Rosa omeiensis pteracantha (Rosa sericea pteracantha) This rose is nearly always grown for it’s thorns. They join like a series of wedges along the length of the branches and when, with morning or evening sun behind them, they are a sight to see, glowing like translucent ruby shaded amber. Delicate fern-like foliage. The flowers, small, single and white are followed by red hips.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ China introduced 1890

Rosa x paulii Spreading branches are very thorny. A healthy rose that makes good natural ground cover. Large wing like papery white flowers.
90 x 300cm 3 x 10’ PAUL UK c.1903

Rosa x paulii ‘Rosea’ As Rosa paulii but with pink flowers and paler wood and foliage.
90 x 300cm 3 x 10’ c.1912.

Rosa pendulina(Rosa alpina, ‘Alpine Rose’) Purple to maroon branches are almost thornless. Single cupped deep cerise purple flowers with pronounced yellow stamens.
1.2 x 1.2m 4 x 4’ Europe c.1700

Rosa pimpinellifolia (Rosa spinosissima. ‘Burnett Rose’). A delicate looking shrub which in reality is very tough. Masses of single creamy-white flowers adorn fern like leaf covered twiggy growth. Excellent mahogany to black, round hips later on. Of great antiquity.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ Europe PRE-1600.

Rosa pomifera (Rosa villosa, ‘Apple Rose’). Possibly given the name ‘Apple Rose’ because of the aroma emmitted when the leaves are crushed or maybe because the bright red hips are shaped like an apple. Clear pink single flowers. Vigorous shrub with blue-green leaves.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ Europe/Asia 1761

Rosa primula (‘Incense Rose’) Charming and fragile looking, small single soft yellow flowers on thin arching branches of mahogany. The name incense rose is related to the aroma of the foliage. Usually the earliest rose to flower in Britain.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4’ Central Asia, China 1910



Rosa soulieanaRosa roxburghii (‘Burr Rose’) Flowers are bright rose pink, double with a satiny sheen to the petals. Brownish wood, when mature peels and flakes. Foliage mid to dark green.
2.5 x 2.5m 8 x 8’ China 1814

Rosa roxburghii normalis Less vigorous than R.roxburghii with paler single blooms.
1.8 x 1.5m 6 x 5’ 1824

Rosa sancta (Rosa richardii, ‘St.John’s Rose’ ‘Holy Rose’) The soft rose-pink blooms are of larger than average size. Growth is broad consisting of spindly growth that is well endowed with matt foliage.
0.9 x 1.2m 3 x 4’ Abyssinia 1897

Rosa setigera (‘Prairie Rose’) Trailing branches covered in bright green foliage. Flowers, borne in clusters are single, deep pink fading considerably as they age. Round red hips follow in the autumn.
1.5 x 1.8m 5 x 6’ N. America 1810.

Rosa setipoda Single blooms of clear soft pink have pronounced yellow stamens and held on purple flower stalks. Foliage is scented when crushed. Good hips in the autumn.
2.5 1.5m 8 x 5’ Central China 1895

Rosa soulieana A dense shrub with arching branches and grey. Clusters of small, single, white flowers, followed by small orange hips.
3 x 1.8m 10 x 6’ China 1896

Rosa spaldingii ‘White’ Flowers single, white and slightly crinkled. Can be a little shy but the season is fairly long. Thin greyish-green foliage. There is also a pink form simply called Rosa spaldingii.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ N.America 1915

Rosa stellata mirifica (‘Sacremento Rose’) A compact, prickly plant with small foliage. Very free flowering with single clear pink flowers that tend to be a slightly deeper at the centre. Hips are rather gooseberry like, covered in obvious bristles.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ S. USA 1902

Rosa suffulta Thin arching branches of brown tinted wood are covered in soft green foliage and clusters of single, pink flowers on a short, dense plant with small orange hips in the autumn months.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GREENE N. America 1880

Rosa sweginzowii macrocarpa A vigorous, angular shrub armed with large thorns. Flowers are deep pink, single and the hips pendulous, flagon shared rich red.
3 x 2.5m 10 x 8’ This garden form from Germany original from N.W China



Rosa wichuranaRosa virginiana A dense shrub with light green foliage and small single flowers of deep pink. Foliage is dense and glossy with wonderful autumn colouring and plump red hips that last well into the winter. Seems to enjoy sandy soil.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ N. America c.1807

Rosa webbiana Numerous small single soft pink blooms are followed by orange red, Long hips, almost the shape of a teardrop but in reverse. Leaves soft grey green.
2 x 2m 7 x 7’ Himalayas, E Asia 1879

Rosa wichurana Bunches of fragrant, white single flowers on a dense shrub of long, slender shoots, well clothed in deep green foliage that has a lustre and is semi-evergreen. Ideal for ground cover where a natural specimen is required.
1.8 x 6m 6 x 20’ China 1860

Rosa willmottiae The many small, single flowers of lilac-pink are borne on arching stems of plum-grey. Amply covered with fern-like leaves. Hips in the autumn resemble tiny red pears.
1.8 x 1.8m 6 x 6’ W. China 1904

Rosa woodsii fendlerii The flowers are bright lilac-pink and heavily veined and waxy-red fruit last well into the colder months. Foliage which is abundant is dark grey green. 1.5 x 1.5m 5 x 5’ N. America 1888. Rosa woodsii fendlerii SS57

Rosa xanthina lindleyii Double blooms of soft creamy yellow are splendid against the dark fern like foliage. The plant is bushy and thorny. Early flowering. 2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ North China, Korea 1906.
 

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Sweet Briars (Eglanterias)
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‘I know a bank where the wild thyme blows, Where oxlips and the nodding violet grows, Quite over-canopied with luscious woodbine, With sweet musk-roses and with eglantine’.

This quote from Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream gives us an insight into the age of Rosa eglanteria the progenitor of this group. Although not one of them could be described as the most visually stunning of garden varieties they come in to their own on a damp summer evening when they pervade the air with an apple like fragrance, emitted not from their flowers but from their foliage. Indeed, if you rub your hands over the young shoots or crush a leaf this exotic aroma will be released.

In years gone by many more cultivars were listed than we have today, a loss maybe but those we are left with should be much appreciated.

All in this group flower only once, therefore I will refer not to their flowering period in their individual descriptions. All of this family are ideal in the wilder or natural garden and I would be repetitive to refer to this fact again also. Most will set hips and are thorny shrubs that when used as hedging create a useful, impenetrable barrier not only to animals but to intruders, far more attractive than barbed wire!



Edith Ballenden‘Amy Robsart’ Having said above that the Sweet Briars are not stunners in flower I already swallow my words in regard to this one. Single dark crimson red flowers with golden centres appear on mass and are followed by many scarlet hips. A vigorous member of the group that benefits from support. Sweetly scented foliage. Can cope with the toughest of situations.
3 x 2.5m 10 x 8' PENZANCE UK c.1894

‘Anne of Geierstein’ Single crimson to bright red flowers hold at their centres a coronet of golden anthers. These are followed by bright oval hips in the autumn. A vigorous Sweet Briar with delightfully scented foliage.
3 x 2.5m 10 x 8’ PENZANCE UK c 1894

‘Catherine Seyton’ Both the foliage and delicate, feminine single flowers of this rose are fragrant. Blooms are soft pink with pronounced golden-yellow stamens and are followed in the autumn months by brightly coloured hips. Strong foliage endows thorny wood. A strong plant tolerant of most situations.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ PENZANCE UK 1894

‘Edith Ballenden’ Soft pink flowers of five petalled formation followed by good, red hips. Both the flowers and successive hips are produced in relative abundance. Sweetly scented foliage. Hips are worth consideration to the flower arranger if the plant is not given over to the birds in winter. Tolerant to most difficult situations.
2.5 x 1.8m 8 x 6' PENZANCE UK 1895

‘Flora Mclvor’ A vigorous and strong shrub with only slightly scented foliage, one of those that needs the scent of the foliage sought rather than seeping out. Single flowers of deep rose pink with white centres, bearing golden stamens at their heart. As a garden plant, this one is easy to deal with.
2. 5 x 1.8m 8 x 6’ PENZANCE UK c.1894



La Belle Distinguée‘Greenmantle’ Single blooms are rosy-red with golden stamens. Fragrant foliage. A lesser known Sweet Briar which should be adopted more in the garden. Thorny and capable of growing in most more difficult situations. Sets hips after flowering.
2.5 x 1.5m 8 x 5’ PENZANCE UK 1894

‘Janet's Pride’ (‘Clementine’) Slightly different, this one! The reverse of many in it’s group as the flowers are off white with deeper pink tinges at the edge of the petals. Both the flowers and the foliage are scented. Vigorous and well foliated.
1.5 x 1.2m 5x 4’ W. PAUL UK. 1892

‘La Belle Distinguée’ (‘Scarlet Sweetbriar’’ La Petite Duchesse’) A utilitarian rose, compassionate to most growing situations and also an excellent choice for a hedge, even if not the most imaginative in style. Bright crimson, relatively small and double flowers (for a Sweet Briar) on a compact plant, with dainty foliage of dark green.
1.5 x 1.2m 5 x 4' Unknown origin

‘Lady Penzance’ One of the better known in this group. A vigorous shrub with ample sweetly-scented foliage. Five petalled blooms are coppery-salmon-pink with a proud centre of yellow stamens and are followed by bright red hips. A good hedging rose that given a tripod or obelisk can make quite a statement.
2 x 1.8m 7 x 6' PENZANCE UK c.1894

‘Lord Penzance’ A good companion to ‘Lady Penzance’ being only a little different A vigorous, dense shrub with sweetly scented foliage. The flowers are single, orangey-yellow toward apricot but tinted pink and followed by bright red hips. A good hedging rose.
2 x 1.8m 7 x6’ PENZANCE UK c.1894

‘Manning's Blush’ Occasional autumn blooms make this Sweet Briar a little different. Flowers are double, white, and lightly perfumed. A Sweet Briar of reasonable proportions and habit, for the smaller garden. Tolerates most situations thrown at it.
1.5 x 1.2 m4 x 4' Raiser unknown c.1800

‘Meg Merrilies’ Old Meg, she was a gypsy, but sadly I believe the spelling of her name in the famous Keats poem is different? Semi-double flowers of bright crimson are followed by good red hips. One of the best of the group. Thorny and vigorous. Flowers and foliage scented. Suitable for making a tall hedge.
2.5 x 2m 8 x 7 ' PENZANCE UK c.1894
 

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Teas
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Sadly many of the Tea roses so popular in the latter part of the nineteenth century are no longer with us, this is as much understandable as regrettable for they are not the hardiest of roses. For those living in colder regions they are probably best avoided unless they are to be grown under glass or in tubs so that they can be over wintered in frost protected areas. At best even in the warmer areas, a little die back can be expected on the plants as the winter turns into spring.

In this group are some truly beautiful roses and some with wonderful perfumes. Their only fault (and this is not true in every case) in my mind, is a sparceness of foliage making them appear rather gaunt as opposed to bushy but I grow roses for their flowers so can easily over look this.



Baronne Henriette de Snoy‘Alexander Hill Gray’ (‘Yellow Maman Cochet’) Large, plumpish, nicely shaped blooms are lemon yellow, deepening as they mature. Very fragrant. Vigorous angular, yet somehow bushy growth with mid-green slightly glossed foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ DICKSON UK 1911

‘Anna Olivier’ A beautiful rose re-introduced to Europe by my father and obtained from David Ruston in Australia. Well shaped double blooms are soft primrose with deeper centres. Delightfully well perfumed.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ DUCHER France 1872

‘Archiduc Joseph’ A fascinating rose. The full flowers consist of many petals, those at the outer edge seeming to fold back into almost perfect triangles whilst those at the centre remain untidy but neat. The colours in the blooms are anything from yellow, through copper to strawberry and cherry and ultimately pink. They are borne in small groups above foliage that is dark, glossy and ample. The cultivar we grow under this name is listed in America as ‘Mons Tillier’ some confusion exists. Repeat to continuous flowering.
1.5 x 0.9m 5 x 3’ G. NABONNAND France 1872

‘Baronne Henriette de Snoy’ Large, full and almost quartered flowers are soft pink to buff. Nicely scented. They are borne in groups of up to five or six on each stem but are reluctant to open in wet weather. Growth tends to be angular and clothed in large mid green leaves. Continuous flowering.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ BERNAIX France 1897

‘Bon Silène’ From slender buds emerge deep rosy-red, rather ragged blooms that are produced freely and continuously throughout the season, often in to the early autumn. A bushy but vigorous growing plant with mid green foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ HARDY France 1839

‘Catherine Mermet’ With outer scrolled back petals around the inner whirl the shape of this rose is very Hybrid Tea like, beautiful in sherbet pink with hints of lemon at the centre and exuding a subtle perfume. For a tea this rose has a good amount of mid green, sometimes copper tinted foliage. Quite bushy. An excellent continuous flowering member of this group.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1869



Etoile de Lyon‘Clementina Carbonieri’ With some resemblance to ‘Archiduc Joseph’, similar colouring but far less double. Thay are produced with freedom throughout the summer on a somewhat angular plant covered with dark green foliage.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ BONFIGLIOLI Italy 1913

‘Dr.Grill’ A rather untidy double flower made up of varying sized petals in pink tinged copper. However they are nicely perfumed, to my nose at least. Growth is angular with branches off set a little un-naturally, sparse foliage. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ BONNAIRE France 1886

‘Duchesse de Brabant’ Flowers in often large clusters are variable shades of soft pink, fully double the petals have a tissue paper quality. The plant is well proportioned bush with plentiful foliage for this group. Continuous in blooming throughout the season.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ BERNÈDE France 1857

‘Etoile de Lyon’ Double blooms perhaps more reminiscent of a modern Hybrid Tea than an old Tea rose are yellow to buff. Growth tends to be twiggy with dark foliage attached and the flower stems rather weak. Highly scented. None the less beautiful and repeat flowering until late in the season.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ GUILLOT France 1881

‘Fortune’s Double Yellow’ (‘Beauty of Glazenwood’) Shaggy flowers are buff to yellow with hints of pink, semi double, displaying golden yellow anthers at their centres. This cultivar needs closseting in the winter as it is far from hardy. Foliage is dark green and shiny. It’s size dictates that it has some support, can be grown as a small climber on a sheltered wall. Repeat flowering.
2.5 x 1.2m 8 x 4’ DISCOVERED in China and brought to Europe by Robert Fortune 1845

‘Isabella Sprunt’ A sport of 'Safrano'. Fragrant, double blooms are rich yellow, from elegant buds the flowers are somewhere between semi-double and double, a bit blowsy and untidy in shape.The bush which is of an open habit is well clothed in mid green foliage.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ SPRUNT USA 1855

‘Lady Hillingdon’ From tight pointed buds appear beautiful open, apricot yellow flowers. Dark foliage tinted purple when young, as is the growth. Very fragrant. Repeat to continuos flowering. It is wise to place this rose in an area of protection.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ LOWE AND SHAWYER UK 1910



Mme Antoine Mari‘Maman Cochet’ Blowsy flowers of shades of pink with lemon at the centre having emerged from the bud stage as initially globular. A vigorous plant that is relatively free of thorns, with dark green foliage. Continuous flowering this is a good specimen for a pot allowing it to be moved for protection in the winter months.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ COCHET France 1893

‘Maman Cochet White’ White form of 'Maman Cochet' with which it shares the same characteristics.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ COCHET France 1893.

‘Mme Antoine Mari’ The buds of the flowers of this variety are a deeper pink than the more open blooms which are nearer flesh pink than anything else, sometimes with mauve tinges. Foliage is light to mid green on twiggy angular branches. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ MARI France 1901

‘Mme Berkeley’ A pleasing mixture of salmon, apricot, pink and ochre. At first the blooms are high centred in Hybrid Tea style but open to show many petals in a muddled formation. Free flowering continuously over a long season on vigorous growth.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ BERNAIX France 1899

‘Mme. Bravy’ (Adèle Pradel’, ‘Mme de Serot’) Creamy white, double flowers with pink shadings have a strong tea rose perfume. Very floiferous. Foliage is dark on a dense bushy plant. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ GUILLOT PERE France 1846

‘Mme de Tartas’ One of the hardier Teas. Goblet shaped blooms of soft blush pink are full and sweetly perfumed. Growth can be some-what sprawly but is clothed in dark, leathery leaves. Used extensively in Victorian time in breeding programmes.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ BERNÈDE France 1859

‘Mme De Watteville’ Copper to soft yellow with pink tinges to the petal edges., cupped until fully open when the central anthers are displayed. Dark green foliage is healthy and growth dense. Free flowering throughout the summer.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1883

‘Mme. Joseph Schwartz’ A white sport of ‘Duchesse de Brabant’ but double white flushed pink.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ J.SCHWARTZ France 1880

‘Mme Lombard’ Full flowers are of a salmon pink shade with deeper tones towards the centre. They are scented and borne on a vigorous plant with deep green foliage. Continuous in flowering habit.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ LACHARME France 1878



Mons Tillier‘Mme Wagram’ (Comtesse de Turin’) Pinky red petals with yellow at their base make up fully double almost muddled, scented flowers. They appear freely over a long season. Foliage dark and glossy. A good rose for a pot.
0.9 x 0.9m 3 x 3’ BERNAIX France 1895

‘Marie Van Houtte’ Cupped flowers are full, creams and yellows dominate with some pink but the colour changes with age, usually to a soft red to crimson. They are scented. Dark green leaves clothe the plant, which has an open habit of growth and is continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ DUCHER France 1871

‘Mons Tillier’ A good dense little shrub rose well clothed in smallish foliage. Flowers that are double are basically a reddish pink with yellow and purple tints, with age becoming more singularly toned. Continuous flowering. In countries outside the UK it is not unusual to obtain ‘Archiduc Joseph’ or even ‘Duchesse de Brabant’ under this name.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ BERNAIX France 1891

‘Mrs Foley Hobbs’ Attractive creamy white, fully double, shapely flowers with delicate pink edges to the petals are fragrant. Growth is upright in habit, the younger shoots and leaves tinged with purple, once more mature they are mid green. Continuous blooming.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ DICKSON UK 1910

‘Papa Gontier’ Open flowers are a salmon to raspberry pink verging on red, sometimes with deeper mottling and the odd white flash. Blooms repeatedly throughout the summer. The perfume is not outstanding and growth a bit twiggy dark green foliage is glossy.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ G. NABONNAND France 1901

‘Perle des Jardins’ This is a beautiful rose. Buff to clear yellow with on odd occasions a hint of pink. The globular blooms are so full of petals they will sadly ball up in wet weather so given that the grower has the luxury of a greenhouse or cool conservatory, that would be the place to house it in a container. Good light foliage, bronze tinted young growth. Repeat flowering. Leaves are bright to mid green.

‘Rivael de Paestum’ Smallish blooms of creamy white, with occasional pink lights are somewhere between semi-double and double. They tend to nod a little on weak necks. Foliage is dark and glossy, not over large on a neatly proportioned bush that seems to bear flowers, even if sometimes shyly, all summer long and well into the autumn.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ W. PAUL UK 1848

‘Rosette Delizy’ Quite a brightly coloured rose with pinks, buffs and apricots all playing a part. Double but eventually opening relatively flat. Mid green foliage is semi glossy on a branching but tidy plant. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ P.NABONNAND France 1922



Tipsy Imperial Concubine‘Safrano’ Pointed flowers, semi-double when open when they display a proud coronet of anthers. Saffron yellow with shadows of buff deepens to apricot. Free flowering over a long season. Mid green foliage.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ BEAUREGARD France 1839

‘Souvenir d’Elise Vardon’ A rose that I have spent little time with. Fragrant, coppery-yellowwith tones of cream. Scented. Foliage is glossy mid green. Needs protection in the garden, perhaps better in the greenhouse or cool conservatory.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ MAREST France 1855

‘Souvenir d’un Ami’ Fully double blooms of soft rose pink with salmon shading, at times in large quantity. They are pointed in the early stage. Scented and repeat flowering. Foliage is rich bright green and growth vigorous.
2.5 x 1.2m 8 x 4’ BÉLOT-DEFOUGÈRE France 1846

‘The Bride’ Shapely, double white flowers with a pink tinge to the edge of the petals. A sport of ‘Catherine Mermet’ to which it is very similar.
1.2 x 0.9m 4 x 3’ MAY USA 1885

‘Tipsy Imperial Concubine’ Large blooms are a mixture of soft pink with shades of yellow and various shades of red. Free flowering over a long season with good foliage. Thought to be an old Chinese garden cultivar and brought back from there by Hazel le Rougetel.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ BEALES UK 1982

‘Triomphe de Luxembourg’ Large, goblet shaped flowers are packed with reflexing petals , salmon pink with buff overtones. Wood is dark and well dressed with mid green foliage. Scented and continuous flowering, a good rose in the Tea family.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ HARDY France 1839
 

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Climbing Bourbons
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The following few varieties are more vigorous in growth than their smaller cousins and should be grown in the garden with support.

‘Blairii No. 1’ Flowers large, blowsy and scented, soft blush pink and quite beautiful Flowers only once. Although less well known than ‘Blairii No.2’, this is a good climber.
3.5 x 1.8m 12 x 6' BLAIR UK 1845

‘Blairii No. 2’ Indeed a stunning rose when in full flush in June. Large, flattish blooms of pale pink, with deeper tones at the centres. Fragrant. Very double highly perfumed and free flowering. Summer flowering.
3.5 X 1.8m 12 x 6' BLAIR UK 1845



Blairii No. 2‘Kathleen Harrop’ A soft shell-pink sport of “Zephirine Drouhin” equally as beautiful in a more feminine shade but slightly less vigorous. Thornless. Like it’s sister the mid green leaves can succumb to mildew and black spot.
10 x 6' 3 X 1.8m DICKSON UK 1919

‘Souvenir de la Malmaison Climber’ Just as beautiful as the shrub version and hates wet weather with equal disdain. A superb rose of lovely blush white with face powder pink shadings and opens out to a flat, quartered shape. Foliage mid green. Scented.
3.5 X 2.5m 12 x 8' BENNETT UK 1893

‘Zéphirine Drouhin’ Thornless, cerise-pink, semi-double. A very famous fragrant climber. Sadly prone to the marring of mildew and black spot but try to overlook these flawas as its thornless pisposition and its ability to flower late into the year (a bloom of this rose lay on the font at my christening, or so I am told, and that was in mid-December).
3 X 1.8m 10 x 6’ BIZOT France 1868


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Climbing China Roses
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The following varieties of China roses are far more vigorous, in fact some are relatively rampant. They will require support and in most cases will need to be grown in a situation that serves them some protection from severe winter elements.



Sophie’s Perpetual‘Cécile Brunner Climber’ A sport of the shrub variety and in respect of the flower there is little difference.They are soft shell pink, small and opening to reveal star like flowers with pointed petals. They are borne in twiggy clusters amid dark foliage. A vigorous climber capable of amazing growth, ideal through the branches of a tree. Summer flowering only.
7.5 x 6m 25 x 20’ HOSP USA 1904

‘Cramoisi Supérieur Climber’ Red blooms are identical to the bush from which this form sported but perhaps better as a climber where the bowing heads may be appreciated better. Unlike the bush this form only flowers once in mid summer.
3.5 x 2.5m 12 x 8’ COUTURIER France 1885

‘Pompon de Paris Climber’ A delicate, small bloomed vigorous climber with fern-like foliage and thin twiggy growth. Small button-like bright pink flowers borne in clusters. Could be used for ground coverage on a bank or similar.
3.5 x 1.8m 12 x 6' Bush form 1839, Origins of this form are unknown

‘Sophie’s Perpetual’ An old rose of unknown origin but indeed a beauty. Shapely, double, silver and pink cupped flowers are highly perfumed and appear repeatedly. Best grown as a small climber or pillar rose. Stems that are relatively free of thorns are well clothed in dark glossy foliage.
2.3 x 1.2m 8 x 4' Likely an old rose rediscovered by the late Humphrey Brooke, re-introduced UK 1960
 
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